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. 2025 May;17(Suppl 1):S865-S868.
doi: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1595_24. Epub 2025 Feb 15.

Extraction and Analysis of Antimicrobial Compounds from Onosma Bracteatum Using Response Surface Methodology

Syed Y Kazmi  1 , Habeeb A Baig  2
Affiliations

Extraction and Analysis of Antimicrobial Compounds from Onosma Bracteatum Using Response Surface Methodology

Syed Y Kazmi et al. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2025 May.

Abstract

Background: Infectious diseases are the world's leading cause of premature mortality, almost killing 65,000 people every day.

Objective: The main objective of the study is to find the extraction and analysis of antimicrobial compounds from Onosma Bracteatum using response surface methodology.

Materials and methods: ATCC culture samples and antibiotic discs were purchased from PCSIR and scientific markets. All chemicals with reagents of analytical and commercial grades were purchased from Sigma Millipore Chemical Germany, Daejung Chemicals, China, and Unichem England. ONOSMA BRACTEATUM was purchased from the herbal market and its extracts were prepared in the lab.

Results: The plant extracts; ONO (3.82%) having light green color were arranged and further valued by performing phytochemical analysis of plant extracts. The highest quantity of phenolic content was observed in Ethanolic, Chloroform, and n-hexane extract of fruit with values 97.0 ± 0.91, 39.5 ± 0.55, and 8.1 ± 0.67 μg GAE/mg extract respectively.

Conclusion: It very well might be deduced from this research that in-vitro investigation of the O. bracteatum plant showed a critical zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staph aureus, klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Keywords: Antimicrobials; Onosma bracteatum; response surface methodology.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Thin layer chromatography plate of Onosma bracteatum Wall extracts spotted by capillary tube with ethanolic crude extract (a) The samples from left to right were O. bracteatum Wall crude ethanolic extract in different concentrations as discussed above
Figure 2
Figure 2
Thin layer chromatographic plate of Onosma bracteatum wall extracts. From left to right: O. bracteatum wall extracts of concentration 1% (1000 mg/ml), 0.5% (500 mg/ml), solvent solution, standard ascorbic acid. From Top to bottom: - O. bracteatum wall extract in various successful solvent systems starting from Water, Ethanol, Hexane
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