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Review
. 2025 May;17(Suppl 1):S105-S108.
doi: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1785_24. Epub 2025 Apr 25.

Study of Glutathione S-Transferase, its Isoenzyme (Pi) and Tumor Marker (CA15-3, HE4) in Breast Carcinoma Patients (Before and After Treatment)

Dattu Hawale  1 , Leela Abichandani  1 , Ranjit Ambad  2
Affiliations
Review

Study of Glutathione S-Transferase, its Isoenzyme (Pi) and Tumor Marker (CA15-3, HE4) in Breast Carcinoma Patients (Before and After Treatment)

Dattu Hawale et al. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2025 May.

Abstract

Breast carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality among women. Breast cancer survival is highly reliant on the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic and diagnostic roles of glutathione S-transferase (GST), its isoenzyme Pi (GST-Pi), and tumor markers CA15-3 and HE4 in breast cancer patients before and after treatment. The study was conducted on 311 breast carcinoma patients, recruited from Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, and Datta Meghe Medical College, Nagpur. Blood samples were collected from each patient to estimate GST, GST-Pi, CA15-3, HE4, and liver enzymes (SGOT, SGPT, LDH, and ALP) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fully automated biochemical analyzers. Results showed significant reductions in the levels of GST, GST-Pi, CA15-3, HE4, and liver enzymes post-treatment (P < 0.05), indicating a decrease in oxidative stress, drug resistance, tumor burden, and liver stress. Specifically, GST levels decreased from 20.5 ± 3.2 IU/L to 15.8 ± 2.7 IU/L, and CA15-3 levels dropped from 45.6 ± 10.1 U/mL to 32.4 ± 8.7 U/mL. These findings support the utility of these biomarkers in monitoring treatment response and disease progression in breast carcinoma patients. The study underscores the significance of GST, GST-Pi, CA15-3, HE4, and liver enzyme levels as valuable markers in the management of breast cancer, aiding in treatment monitoring and prognostication.

Keywords: Breast carcinoma; CA15-3; GST-Pi; HE4; diagnostic markers; glutathione S-transferase (GST); liver enzymes; oxidative stress.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Comparison of GST, CA15-3, HE4, and liver enzyme levels in breast carcinoma patients (before and after treatment)
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