Integrative medicine in breast cancer survivorship care

Abstract

Integrative medicine use is prevalent among breast cancer survivors to improve lifestyle and manage symptoms associated with cancer or its treatment. This review provides an overview of integrative therapies used for lifestyle improvement and symptom management in breast cancer patients, including diet and exercise recommendations, mind-body approaches including mindfulness-based intervention, acupuncture, yoga, massage, and dietary supplements. A balanced diet with an emphasis on plant-based foods and limited consumption of red meat, processed meats, alcohol, and refined sugar is recommended for cancer patients and survivors. Physical activity is also important, with recommendations of 30 minutes of moderate exercise daily, aiming for 150 minutes per week. Mind-body approaches such as meditation, yoga have been shown to improve emotional self-regulation, anxiety, depression, and other symptoms. Acupuncture has demonstrated potential benefits for aromatase inhibitor-induced musculoskeletal symptoms, hot flashes, peripheral neuropathy, and fatigue. Massage may help address pain, anxiety, stress, and improve quality of life (QoL). Supplement use should be approached with caution, especially during active treatment, due to potential interactions with cancer therapies. The review highlights the role of specialized integrative medicine practitioners, such as naturopathic doctors and acupuncturists, in safely incorporating these therapies into standard cancer care. This collaborative approach supports survivors' diverse needs and empowers them to actively participate in their recovery, ultimately improving health outcomes and QoL. Integrative therapy programs within cancer care institutions can provide structure, guidance, and support for patients to safely incorporate these modalities into their treatment and recovery plans.

Keywords: Integrative medicine; breast cancer; lifestyle; symptoms.