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. 2024 Jun 9;11(2):276-280.
doi: 10.1002/wjo2.193. eCollection 2025 Jun.

Development and validity of type II sulcus vocalis in excised canine larynx

Ting Gong  1   2   3 , Peng-Cheng Yu  4 , Chao Xue  4 , An-Rong Sun  4 , Yi Zhang  4 , Rui Fang  4 , Bing-Hua Zhu  5
Affiliations

Development and validity of type II sulcus vocalis in excised canine larynx

Ting Gong et al. World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. .

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to develop a sulcus vocalis model in the excised canine larynx and to investigate the validity of the model.

Methods: Type II sulcus vocalis was created by continuous intradermal suture in six excised canine larynges. We investigated the validity of the model based on phonatory (aerodynamic and acoustic) measures, laryngeal videostroboscopy (LVS), and histological examination. The aeroacoustic parameters included phonation threshold pressure (PTP), fundamental frequency (F o), jitter %, shimmer %, and harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR).

Results: In all the experimental specimens, there were significant increases in the PTP ([6.61 ± 1.66] cm H2O, p < 0.01), the F o ([106.48 ± 49.59] Hz, p = 0.003), the jitter ([0.76 ± 0.42]%, p = 0.007), the shimmer ([6.87 ± 2.99%, p = 0.002]), while the HNR decreased ([5.71 ± 4.68] dB, p = 0.031), compared to that of the untreated canine larynges. The estabilished model simulated the histology with type Ⅱ sulcus.

Conclusions: Type Ⅱ sulcus vocalis was successfully created in excised canine larynx. The aeroacoustic and LVS analysis of this model resembled the characteristics of patients with sulcus vocalis. The model could be helpful to elucidate the pathology of the phonation, and evaluate and compare the treatments for sulcus vocalis.

Keywords: animal model; canine; excised larynx; sulcus vocalis; vocal folds.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sulcus vocalis model. (A) The untreated excised canine larynx. (B) The established sulcus vocalis marked with the yellow arrows in excised canine larynx. (C) Illustration of the continuous intradermal suture on vocal fold.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Histological determination of the vocal fold. At ×20 magnification. Scale bars are 500 μm. (A) The untreated larynx was presented as the ordered arrangement. (B) The typeⅡ sulcus vocalis model marked with the red dashed box was characterized by the loss of the superficial lamina propria (SLP) with extension to the vocal ligament.
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