Proper pandemic preparedness requires an integrated cross-regional effort, the case of the ECLIPSE consortium in America: a narrative review

Abstract

Background: Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases pose significant threats to global public health, economic stability, and security. This paper focuses on three critical examples: Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI), Dengue Fever (DF), and Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), emphasizing the importance of the One Health approach, which integrates human, animal, and environmental health strategies.

Main body: HPAI poses a risk to poultry and various mammals, including recent outbreaks in US dairy cows, raising concerns about zoonotic and potential human transmission. Dengue Fever, exacerbated by urbanization and climate change, currently impacts over 100 countries. Antimicrobial Resistance undermines the effectiveness of antibiotics, threatening modern medicine's ability to combat infections. Effective responses to these challenges require strengthening global health networks, improving data sharing, and enhancing outbreak analytics and disease modeling (OADM). The ECLIPSE initiative, a collaborative effort involving thirteen Latin American countries and the US, shows the value of cross-country disease surveillance and control. Key actionable recommendations from ECLIPSE partners include strengthening global health networks, implementing integrated data-sharing platforms, developing enhanced surveillance mechanisms, and advancing targeted policy interventions to improve OADM.

Conclusion: This review underscores the urgent need for sustained international collaboration, investment in surveillance infrastructure, and continuous refinement of outbreak analytics and disease modeling. By proactively adopting an integrated One Health approach and implementing concrete recommendations such as improved cross-border surveillance and coordinated data analytics frameworks, we can strengthen global resilience against emerging infectious threats and better safeguard public health.

Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR); Cross-border collaboration; Dengue fever; Disease modeling; ECLIPSE consortium; Global health security; Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI); One health approach; Outbreak analytics; Pandemic preparedness.

Fig. 1

Geographical distribution of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1 HPAI) outbreaks, illustrating affected regions and the spread of the virus among avian populations. Data reflects confirmed cases from October 2023 to September 2024 [25]

Fig. 2

Geographical distribution of Dengue Fever outbreaks, illustrating affected regions and the spread of the disease among human populations. Grey area denote not affected/no data countries. Data reflects confirmed cases from October 2023 to September 2024 [38]

Fig. 3

Overview of the ECLIPSE initiative, highlighting the CWGs and their outputs in outbreak analytics and disease modeling. The diagram illustrates key focus areas, including interoperability, advanced analytics, cross-sector collaboration, capacity building, and communication. Anticipated impacts include improved data sharing, predictive modeling, and strengthened international collaboration, with a focus on AMR, DF, and HPAI