One Health integrated surveillance: a way forward to accelerate schistosomiasis elimination in China

Abstract

Surveillance is an effective approach for disease control and prevention. Being a vector-borne and zoonotic parasitic disease, schistosomiasis has been under comprehensive surveillance in China for several decades, with focus on indicators related to definitive hosts, intermediate hosts, as well as changes of influencing factors. This article reviewed the surveillance system of schistosomiasis in China from the perspective of One Health to provide evidence for the acceleration of elimination. When moving towards elimination with rare new infection occurred in humans, livestock and snails, One Health surveillance system could be the most effective approach to accelerate the process of elimination or consolidate the achievement of schistosomiasis by integrating the risk surveillance and novel diagnostic tools in the intelligent multi-point trigger infectious disease monitoring and early warning system.

Keywords: Elimination; One Health; Schistosomiasis; Surveillance.

Fig. 1

Content of current One Health surveillance on schistosomiasis in China.

Fig. 2

Main changes in the endemic status of schistosomiasis japonica and the content of sentinel surveillance in the four national surveillance plans for schistosomiasis from 1990 to 2025. Note: The numbers of patients and infected cattle of schistosomiasis japonica in 1990 are estimated numbers according to the sample survey. Abbreviations: IHA, indirect heamagglutination assay; MHT, miracidium hatching test; LAMP, loop-mediated isothermal amplification.