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. 2025 Jun 10:16:1491259.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1491259. eCollection 2025.

The impact of inoculation with the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine on the outcomes of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: a cohort study of 1,258 women from Sichuan, China

Jia-Jing Wei  1 , Yu Qiu  1   2 , Mei Leng  1 , Fu-Rui Chen  1   2 , Mei-Yu Liang  1 , Xi Deng  1 , Rong-Ning Ma  1 , Jing Hei  1 , Jesse Li-Ling  3 , Yan Gong  1
Affiliations

The impact of inoculation with the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine on the outcomes of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: a cohort study of 1,258 women from Sichuan, China

Jia-Jing Wei et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of inoculation with the inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine on the outcomes of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).

Methods: From January 2021 to December 2022, patients undergoing their first cycle of IVF-ET at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Sichuan Provincial Women's and Children's Hospital were prospectively enrolled. Based on inoculation with inactivated COVID-19 vaccines before ovarian stimulation (OS) by a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist or agonist protocol, the patients were divided into the vaccinated group (n = 713) and the unvaccinated group (n = 545). The vaccinated group were sub-grouped based on the dose of inoculation (single dose, n = 74; double dose, n = 275; and triple dose, n = 126) and the interval between the first inoculation and OS (<3 months, n = 65; 3-6 months, n = 123; and >6 months, n = 287).

Results: The rates of mature oocytes, normal fertilization, cleavage embryo, high-quality cleavage embryo, blastocysts, and high-quality blastocysts were not significantly different between the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups (p > 0.05). For fresh embryo transfer, the implantation rate (IR), the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), the live birth rate (LBR), the gestational age at delivery, and the birth weight of infants were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05). The IR, CPR, LBR, and birth weight of infants were not significantly different for both the dose and interval subgroups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Inactivated COVID-19 vaccines may not affect the outcomes of IVF-ET.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; embryo transfer; in vitro fertilization; inactivated vaccine; live birth.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart for participants recruitment of this study.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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