Rethinking the feasibility and safety of venetoclax-obinutuzumab in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: non-traditional factors may play a role in clinical practice
Affiliations
- 1 ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Dipartimento di Ematologia, Niguarda Cancer Center. annamaria.frustaci@ospedaleniguarda.it.
- 2 ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Dipartimento di Ematologia, Niguarda Cancer Center, Milano; Struttura Complessa di Ematologia, Ospedale San Francesco, ASL Nuoro, Nuoro; ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Dipartimento di Ematologia, Niguarda Cancer Center.
- 3 Andrea Tortora Hospital ASL Salerno, Pagani.
- 4 ASST Valle Olona, Busto Arsizio.
- 5 Clinica Ematologica, Centro Trapianti e Terapie Cellulari "Carlo Melzi", Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine.
- 6 Hematology Unit, Department of Oncolgy, AOU Careggi, Florence.
- 7 Department of Oncology Section of Hematology University of Pisa, Pisa; Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples.
- 8 Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples.
- 9 Ematologia clinica, Ospedale civile S. Spirito Pescara, Pescara.
- 10 IRCSS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna.
- 11 Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, Section of Innovation Biomedicine, Hematology Area, University of Verona, Verona.
- 12 Divisione di Ematologia, A.O.U. Policlinico G. Rodolico - S. Marco, Catania.
- 13 Department of Medicine and Surgery Institute of Hematology Centro di Ricerca Emato- Oncologica (CREO) University of Perugia, Perugia.
- 14 IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, Bari.
- 15 Department of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliera Bianchi Melacrinò Morelli, Reggio Calabria.
- 16 Hematology unit Department of Medicine University of Padova, Padova.
- 17 Hematology, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini.
- 18 Department of Translational and Precision Medicine Hematology unit 'Sapienza' University, Roma.
- 19 Hematology Unit, Tor Vergata University, S. Eugenio Hospital, Roma.
- 20 Division of Hematology, ASST Sette Laghi - Ospedale di Circolo di Varese and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese; Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino and Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino.
- 21 UOC di Ematologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di rilievo nazionale di alta specializzazione, ARNAS-G-Garibaldi di Catania, Catania.
- 22 Division of Hematology Department of Translational Medicine Università del Piemonte Orientale.
- 23 Hematology ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia.
- 24 Ematologia e CTMO Ospedale Maggiore di Parma, Parma.
- 25 Hematology Unit, Santa Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna.
- 26 Hematology Unit, Ospedale Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza.
- 27 Department of Hematology, Santa Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo.
- 28 Hematology Division, IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori Hospital, Monza.
- 29 Hematology Unit Center for Translational Medicine Azienda USL Toscana NordOvest, Livorno.
- 30 Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia.
- 31 Hematology Unit AO of Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende.
- 32 SOS Oncoematologia Pistoia e Pescia, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Pescia.
- 33 UOC Ematologia con Trapianto - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria-Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari.
- 34 University Division of Hematology and Cellular Therapy A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, Torino.
- 35 UO Ematologia, Ospedale Santa Chiara, APSS, Trento.
- 36 U.O.C. Ematologia, Trapianto di Cellule Staminali e Terapia Genica - Frosinone.
- 37 UOC di oncoematologia e TMO "La Maddalena", Palermo.
- 38 Division of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia.
- 39 University Campus Bio-Medico and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio- Medico, Rome.
- 40 Hematology, Ospedale Ca' Foncello, Treviso.
- 41 Division of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico.
- 42 Hematology Azienda Ospedaliera Papardo, Messina.
- 43 Oncology Unit, ASST of Crema, Crema.
- 44 Hematology Unit Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti, Latina.
- 45 SC Ematologia, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Polo Universitario Luigi Sacco.
- 46 Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Center, Central Hospital Of Bolzano, Bolzano.
- 47 Onco-Hematology Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan.
- 48 UO Internal Medicine-ASL 2, Savona.
- 49 Hematology, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience University of Siena, Siena.
- 50 UOSD Ematologia, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Trapani, Castelvetrano.
- 51 Section of Hematology Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences Catholic University Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Roma.
- 52 ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Dipartimento di Ematologia, Niguarda Cancer Center.
- 53 Internal Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, Osimo.
- 54 ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Dipartimento di Ematologia, Niguarda Cancer Center, Milano; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza.
- 55 Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit Ospedale Oncologico A. Businco ARNAS "G. Brotzu", Cagliari.
- 56 Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedali Riunita Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo.
- PMID: 40568727
- DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2025.287799
Rethinking the feasibility and safety of venetoclax-obinutuzumab in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: non-traditional factors may play a role in clinical practice
Authors
Affiliations
- 1 ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Dipartimento di Ematologia, Niguarda Cancer Center. annamaria.frustaci@ospedaleniguarda.it.
- 2 ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Dipartimento di Ematologia, Niguarda Cancer Center, Milano; Struttura Complessa di Ematologia, Ospedale San Francesco, ASL Nuoro, Nuoro; ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Dipartimento di Ematologia, Niguarda Cancer Center.
- 3 Andrea Tortora Hospital ASL Salerno, Pagani.
- 4 ASST Valle Olona, Busto Arsizio.
- 5 Clinica Ematologica, Centro Trapianti e Terapie Cellulari "Carlo Melzi", Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine.
- 6 Hematology Unit, Department of Oncolgy, AOU Careggi, Florence.
- 7 Department of Oncology Section of Hematology University of Pisa, Pisa; Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples.
- 8 Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples.
- 9 Ematologia clinica, Ospedale civile S. Spirito Pescara, Pescara.
- 10 IRCSS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna.
- 11 Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, Section of Innovation Biomedicine, Hematology Area, University of Verona, Verona.
- 12 Divisione di Ematologia, A.O.U. Policlinico G. Rodolico - S. Marco, Catania.
- 13 Department of Medicine and Surgery Institute of Hematology Centro di Ricerca Emato- Oncologica (CREO) University of Perugia, Perugia.
- 14 IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, Bari.
- 15 Department of Hematology Azienda Ospedaliera Bianchi Melacrinò Morelli, Reggio Calabria.
- 16 Hematology unit Department of Medicine University of Padova, Padova.
- 17 Hematology, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini.
- 18 Department of Translational and Precision Medicine Hematology unit 'Sapienza' University, Roma.
- 19 Hematology Unit, Tor Vergata University, S. Eugenio Hospital, Roma.
- 20 Division of Hematology, ASST Sette Laghi - Ospedale di Circolo di Varese and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese; Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino and Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino.
- 21 UOC di Ematologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di rilievo nazionale di alta specializzazione, ARNAS-G-Garibaldi di Catania, Catania.
- 22 Division of Hematology Department of Translational Medicine Università del Piemonte Orientale.
- 23 Hematology ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia.
- 24 Ematologia e CTMO Ospedale Maggiore di Parma, Parma.
- 25 Hematology Unit, Santa Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna.
- 26 Hematology Unit, Ospedale Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza.
- 27 Department of Hematology, Santa Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo.
- 28 Hematology Division, IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori Hospital, Monza.
- 29 Hematology Unit Center for Translational Medicine Azienda USL Toscana NordOvest, Livorno.
- 30 Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia.
- 31 Hematology Unit AO of Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende.
- 32 SOS Oncoematologia Pistoia e Pescia, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Pescia.
- 33 UOC Ematologia con Trapianto - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria-Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari.
- 34 University Division of Hematology and Cellular Therapy A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, Torino.
- 35 UO Ematologia, Ospedale Santa Chiara, APSS, Trento.
- 36 U.O.C. Ematologia, Trapianto di Cellule Staminali e Terapia Genica - Frosinone.
- 37 UOC di oncoematologia e TMO "La Maddalena", Palermo.
- 38 Division of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia.
- 39 University Campus Bio-Medico and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio- Medico, Rome.
- 40 Hematology, Ospedale Ca' Foncello, Treviso.
- 41 Division of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico.
- 42 Hematology Azienda Ospedaliera Papardo, Messina.
- 43 Oncology Unit, ASST of Crema, Crema.
- 44 Hematology Unit Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti, Latina.
- 45 SC Ematologia, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Polo Universitario Luigi Sacco.
- 46 Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Center, Central Hospital Of Bolzano, Bolzano.
- 47 Onco-Hematology Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan.
- 48 UO Internal Medicine-ASL 2, Savona.
- 49 Hematology, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience University of Siena, Siena.
- 50 UOSD Ematologia, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Trapani, Castelvetrano.
- 51 Section of Hematology Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences Catholic University Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Roma.
- 52 ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Dipartimento di Ematologia, Niguarda Cancer Center.
- 53 Internal Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, Osimo.
- 54 ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Dipartimento di Ematologia, Niguarda Cancer Center, Milano; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza.
- 55 Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit Ospedale Oncologico A. Businco ARNAS "G. Brotzu", Cagliari.
- 56 Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedali Riunita Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo.
- PMID: 40568727
- DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2025.287799
Abstract
The concept of fitness for novel agents in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) remains debated. Comorbidities and treatment-related logistics are increasingly recognized as key factors in treatment feasibility. Venetoclax-obinutuzumab (VO) has demonstrated efficacy in both fit and unfit patients in clinical trials, yet real-world data remain limited. This retrospective, multicenter study analyzed disease- and patient-related factors affecting VO management and outcomes in 271 patients. Fitness was assessed using comorbidity indices (CLL-CI, CIRS, CCI), ECOG-PS, and caregiver need. Adverse events (AEs) and treatment modifications were evaluated across four treatment phases. Median age was 66 years (19% ≥75); 83% had comorbidities, 34% required polypharmacy, and 10% needed caregiver support. Overall, 96% completed debulking, 89% the full regimen, while 11% discontinued due to toxicity (Tox-DTD). Grade ≥3 AEs occurred in 55%, tumor lysis syndrome in 6%, severe infusion-related reactions in 5%. Overall, 3.3% died during treatment. Unfit patients did not show a significantly higher risk of treatment modifications due to AEs. Dose adjustments were more frequent during debulking. None of the validated fitness scores predicted treatment feasibility or Tox-DTD. Global feasibility was impacted by age (p .002), prior malignancies (p .003), prolonged steroid pre-treatment (p.