The Brescia internationally validated European guidelines on minimally invasive liver surgery

Mohammad Abu Hilal¹, Tijs J Hoogteijling^{2

3}, Bjørn Edwin⁴, Ibrahim Dagher⁵, Mathieu D'Hondt⁶, Hugo P Marques⁷, Rutger-Jan Swijnenburg^{2

3}, Ugo Boggi⁸, Iswanto Sucandy⁹, Alessandro Ferrero¹⁰, Hendrik Marsman¹¹, Roberto I Troisi¹², Andrew A Gumbs^{5

13}, Luca A Aldrighetti^{14

15}, Daniel Cherqui¹⁶, Adnan Alseidi^{17

18}, Roland Croner¹³, Fernando Rotellar^{19

20}, Olivier Scatton²¹, Hani Al Saati²², Giammauro Berardi²³, Umberto Cillo²⁴, Federica Cipriani^{14

15}, Ruben Ciria²⁵, Esteban Cugat^{26

27}, Fabrizio Di Benedetto²⁸, Rafael Diaz-Nieto²⁹, Trish Duncan³⁰, Mikhail Efanov³¹, Giuseppe M Ettore²³, Constantino Fondevila³², Asmund A Fretland⁴, Felice Giuliante³³, Jeroen Hagendoorn³⁴, Ho-Seong Han³⁵, Goro Honda³⁶, Mickael Lesurtel³⁷, Peter Lodge³⁸, Santiago Lopez Ben³⁹, Riccardo Memeo^{40

41}, Krishna Menon⁴², Niki Rashidian⁴³, Francesca Ratti^{14

15}, Ricardo Robles Campos⁴⁴, Nadia Russolillo¹⁰, Andrea Ruzzenente⁴⁵, Julio Santoyo⁴⁶, Moritz Schmelzle⁴⁷, Olivia Sgarbura⁴⁸, Robert P Sutcliffe⁴⁹, Catherine S C Teh⁵⁰, Marco Vivarelli⁵¹, Go Wakabayashi⁵², Steven White⁵³, Neil Pearce⁵⁴, Roberta Angelico⁵⁵, Elisa Bannone⁵⁶, Andrea Benedetti Cacciaguerra⁵¹, Emre Bozkurt⁵⁷, Maria Conticchio⁴⁰, Soufyan El Adel^{2

3}, Simone Famularo⁵⁸, Martina Guerra⁵⁹, Christoph Kuemmerli⁶⁰, Victor Lopez-Lopez⁴⁴, Fernando Pardo Aranda⁶¹, Gabriela Pilz da Cunha^{2

3}, Florian Primavesi⁶², Sara Saeidi⁶³, Andrea R G Sheel⁶⁴, Jasper P Sijberden^{2

3}, Francesco Sucameli⁵⁹, Francesco Taliente³³, Teodros Veronesi⁶⁵, Jawad Ahmad⁶⁶, Sergio Alfieri³³, Fabio Ausania⁶⁷, Gianluca Baiocchi⁶⁸, Stefano Berti⁶⁹, Marc G Besselink^{2

3}, Salam Daradkeh¹, Luciano De Carlis⁷⁰, Antonella Delvecchio⁴⁰, Christos Dervenis⁷¹, Safi Dokmak³⁷, Clarissa Ferrari⁷², Giuseppe Kito Fusai⁷³, David Geller⁷⁴, Brian K P Goh^{75

76}, Alfredo Guglielmi⁴⁵, David Iannitti⁷⁷, Derar Jaradat^{78

79}, Elio Jovine⁸⁰, Chen Kuo-Hsin⁸¹, Rong Liu⁸², Ravi Marudanayagam⁴⁹, Federico Mocchegiani⁵¹, Fabrizio Panaro⁸³, Antonio Pinna⁸⁴, Nazario Portolani⁸⁵, Omar Saleh⁸⁶, Claudio Sallemi⁸⁷, Alejandro Serrablo⁸⁸, Sameer Smadi⁸⁹, Amal Suhool⁹⁰, Mark A Taylor⁹¹, Thomas M van Gulik^{2

3}, Ajith K Siriwardena⁹², Horacio J Asbun⁹³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgery, The University of Jordan, School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan.
² Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
³ Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
⁴ The Intervention Centre and Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
⁵ Department of Digestive Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, Paris, France.
⁶ Department of Digestive and Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Groeninge Hospital, Kortrijk, Belgium.
⁷ Department of General Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Unversitario de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal.
⁸ Division of General and Transplant Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
⁹ Digestive Health Institute, AdventHealth Tampa, Tampa, Florida, USA.
¹⁰ Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Umberto I Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy.
¹¹ Department of Surgery, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
¹² Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Naples, Naples, Italy.
¹³ Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
¹⁴ Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
¹⁵ Faculty of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
¹⁶ Hepatobiliary Center, Paul Brousse Hospital-Paris Sud University, Villejuif, France.
¹⁷ Department of Surgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
¹⁹ HPB and Liver Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, University Clinic, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
²⁰ Institute of Health Research of Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain.
²¹ Department of Digestive, HBP and Liver Transplantation Surgery, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.
²² Department of Surgery, Salmanyia Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain.
²³ Division of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, S. Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy.
²⁴ Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, General Surgery 2, Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy.
²⁵ Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Hospital Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain.
²⁶ Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.
²⁷ Department of Surgery, Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
²⁸ Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
²⁹ Department of Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
³⁰ Liver Unit, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
³¹ Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow, Russia.
³² Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
³³ Department of Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
³⁴ Department of Surgery, Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
³⁵ Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
³⁶ Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
³⁷ Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, AP-HP, Beaujon Hospital, DMU DIGEST, Clichy, France.
³⁸ Department of Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
³⁹ Servei de Cirurgia General i Digestiva, Hospital Doctor Josep Trueta de Girona, Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
⁴⁰ Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, 'F. Miulli' General Regional Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy.
⁴¹ Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Casamassima, Bari, Italy.
⁴² Department of Transplantation and Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
⁴³ Department of General and Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
⁴⁴ Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Clinic and University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-ARRIXACA, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.
⁴⁵ Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
⁴⁶ Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Vithas Hospital Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
⁴⁷ Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
⁴⁸ Department of Oncologic Surgery, Regional Cancer Institute, Montpellier, France.
⁴⁹ Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
⁵⁰ Hepatobiliary Surgery Section, Makati Medical Center, Makati, The Philippines.
⁵¹ HPB and Abdominal Transplantation Surgery, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Hospital of Marche, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
⁵² Department of Surgery, Ageo Central General Hospital, Ageo, Japan.
⁵³ Department of Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
⁵⁴ PLANETS Cancer Charity, Emsworth, Hampshire, UK.
⁵⁵ Department of Surgical Science, HPB, and Transplant Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
⁵⁶ Hepato Biliary Pancreatic (HPB) Surgery Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Italy.
⁵⁷ Department of General Surgery, Division of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
⁵⁸ Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
⁵⁹ Department of Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy.
⁶⁰ Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
⁶¹ Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Corachan Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
⁶² Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
⁶³ Department of Surgery, MASHHAD University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁶⁴ Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
⁶⁵ Universita degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy.
⁶⁶ Department of General Surgery, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK.
⁶⁷ Pancreato-Biliary and Robotic Surgery, HPB and Transplant Surgeon, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
⁶⁸ Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
⁶⁹ Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Ferrero Hospital, Verduno, Italy.
⁷⁰ Department of Surgery and Transplantation, Niguarda Hospital Milan & University of Milano-Bicocca School of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy.
⁷¹ Department of Surgery, AGIA OLGA Hospital, Athens, Greece.
⁷² Unit of Statistics, Istituto Ospedaliero Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy.
⁷³ HPB & Liver Transplant Unit, Royal Free London, London, UK.
⁷⁴ Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
⁷⁵ Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
⁷⁶ Surgery Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
⁷⁷ HPB Surgery, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
⁷⁸ Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
⁷⁹ Department of Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
⁸⁰ Department of Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
⁸¹ Department of Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
⁸² Faculty of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
⁸³ Department of Surgery, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
⁸⁴ Department of Abdominal and Transplant Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA.
⁸⁵ Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Surgical Clinic, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
⁸⁶ Independent Consultant and Practitioner Academic at LAP Research, Oxford, UK.
⁸⁷ Department of Intervention Radiology, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy.
⁸⁸ HPB Surgical Division, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.
⁸⁹ Department of Surgery, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, Jordan.
⁹⁰ Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary and Endocrine Surgery, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City (SSMC), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
⁹¹ Department of Surgery, Mater Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
⁹² Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Manchester University NHS FT, Manchester, UK.
⁹³ Hepato-Biliary and Pancreas Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida, USA.

PMID: 40568914
PMCID: PMC12199258
DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znaf113

The Brescia internationally validated European guidelines on minimally invasive liver surgery

Mohammad Abu Hilal et al. Br J Surg. 2025.

. 2025 May 31;112(6):znaf113.

doi: 10.1093/bjs/znaf113.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgery, The University of Jordan, School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan.
² Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
³ Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
⁴ The Intervention Centre and Department of HPB Surgery, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
⁵ Department of Digestive Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, Paris, France.
⁶ Department of Digestive and Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Groeninge Hospital, Kortrijk, Belgium.
⁷ Department of General Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Unversitario de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal.
⁸ Division of General and Transplant Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
⁹ Digestive Health Institute, AdventHealth Tampa, Tampa, Florida, USA.
¹⁰ Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Umberto I Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy.
¹¹ Department of Surgery, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
¹² Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Naples, Naples, Italy.
¹³ Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
¹⁴ Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
¹⁵ Faculty of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
¹⁶ Hepatobiliary Center, Paul Brousse Hospital-Paris Sud University, Villejuif, France.
¹⁷ Department of Surgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
¹⁹ HPB and Liver Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, University Clinic, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
²⁰ Institute of Health Research of Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain.
²¹ Department of Digestive, HBP and Liver Transplantation Surgery, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.
²² Department of Surgery, Salmanyia Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain.
²³ Division of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, S. Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy.
²⁴ Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, General Surgery 2, Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy.
²⁵ Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Hospital Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain.
²⁶ Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.
²⁷ Department of Surgery, Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
²⁸ Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
²⁹ Department of Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
³⁰ Liver Unit, Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
³¹ Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow, Russia.
³² Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
³³ Department of Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
³⁴ Department of Surgery, Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
³⁵ Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
³⁶ Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
³⁷ Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, AP-HP, Beaujon Hospital, DMU DIGEST, Clichy, France.
³⁸ Department of Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
³⁹ Servei de Cirurgia General i Digestiva, Hospital Doctor Josep Trueta de Girona, Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
⁴⁰ Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, 'F. Miulli' General Regional Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy.
⁴¹ Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Casamassima, Bari, Italy.
⁴² Department of Transplantation and Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
⁴³ Department of General and Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
⁴⁴ Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Clinic and University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-ARRIXACA, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.
⁴⁵ Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
⁴⁶ Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Vithas Hospital Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
⁴⁷ Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
⁴⁸ Department of Oncologic Surgery, Regional Cancer Institute, Montpellier, France.
⁴⁹ Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
⁵⁰ Hepatobiliary Surgery Section, Makati Medical Center, Makati, The Philippines.
⁵¹ HPB and Abdominal Transplantation Surgery, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Hospital of Marche, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
⁵² Department of Surgery, Ageo Central General Hospital, Ageo, Japan.
⁵³ Department of Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
⁵⁴ PLANETS Cancer Charity, Emsworth, Hampshire, UK.
⁵⁵ Department of Surgical Science, HPB, and Transplant Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
⁵⁶ Hepato Biliary Pancreatic (HPB) Surgery Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Italy.
⁵⁷ Department of General Surgery, Division of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
⁵⁸ Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
⁵⁹ Department of Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy.
⁶⁰ Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
⁶¹ Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Corachan Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
⁶² Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
⁶³ Department of Surgery, MASHHAD University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁶⁴ Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
⁶⁵ Universita degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy.
⁶⁶ Department of General Surgery, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK.
⁶⁷ Pancreato-Biliary and Robotic Surgery, HPB and Transplant Surgeon, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
⁶⁸ Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
⁶⁹ Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Ferrero Hospital, Verduno, Italy.
⁷⁰ Department of Surgery and Transplantation, Niguarda Hospital Milan & University of Milano-Bicocca School of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy.
⁷¹ Department of Surgery, AGIA OLGA Hospital, Athens, Greece.
⁷² Unit of Statistics, Istituto Ospedaliero Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy.
⁷³ HPB & Liver Transplant Unit, Royal Free London, London, UK.
⁷⁴ Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
⁷⁵ Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
⁷⁶ Surgery Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
⁷⁷ HPB Surgery, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
⁷⁸ Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
⁷⁹ Department of Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
⁸⁰ Department of Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
⁸¹ Department of Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
⁸² Faculty of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
⁸³ Department of Surgery, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
⁸⁴ Department of Abdominal and Transplant Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA.
⁸⁵ Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Surgical Clinic, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
⁸⁶ Independent Consultant and Practitioner Academic at LAP Research, Oxford, UK.
⁸⁷ Department of Intervention Radiology, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy.
⁸⁸ HPB Surgical Division, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.
⁸⁹ Department of Surgery, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, Jordan.
⁹⁰ Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary and Endocrine Surgery, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City (SSMC), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
⁹¹ Department of Surgery, Mater Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
⁹² Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Manchester University NHS FT, Manchester, UK.
⁹³ Hepato-Biliary and Pancreas Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida, USA.

PMID: 40568914
PMCID: PMC12199258
DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znaf113

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The Brescia internationally validated European guidelines on minimally invasive liver surgery

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The Brescia internationally validated European guidelines on minimally invasive liver surgery

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