Practice Guideline

. 2025 Oct:278:191-202.

doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.039. Epub 2025 Jun 24.

Evidence and Consensus Based Imaging Guidelines in Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome Multimodal imaging in Uveitis (MUV) Taskforce Report 6

Marion R Munk¹, Richard Stillenmunkes², Anne Tillmann³, Lee M Jampol⁴, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli⁵, Phoebe Lin⁶, Kathryn L Pepple⁷, K Bailey Freund⁸, Ilknur Tugal-Tutkun⁹, Zohar Habot-Wilner¹⁰, Aniruddha Agarwal¹¹, Sapna Gangaputra¹², Rupesh Agrawal¹³, Douglas A Jabs¹⁴, SriniVas Sadda¹⁵, David Sarraf¹⁶, Vishali Gupta¹⁷; Multimodal Imaging in Uveitis (MUV) Taskforce

Collaborators, Affiliations

Collaborators

Multimodal Imaging in Uveitis (MUV) Taskforce:
Alejandra de-la-Torre¹⁸, Alejandro Fonollosa¹⁹, Alessandro Invernizzi²⁰, Amani Fawzi²¹, Andrew Dick²², Aniruddha Agarwal²³, Anita Agarwal²⁴, Antoine Brezin²⁵, Ariel Schlaen²⁶, Bahram Bodaghi²⁷, Claudia Fabiani²⁸, David Sarraf²⁹, Debra A Goldstein³⁰, Dilraj Grewal³¹, Douglas A Jabs³², Edmund Tsui³³, Elisabetta Miserocchi³⁴, Ester Carreño³⁵, Francesco Pichi³⁶, Ilknur Tugal-Tutkun³⁷, Inês Leal³⁸, Janet L Davis³⁹, Jeannette Ossewaarde- van Norel⁴⁰, Jennifer E Thorne⁴¹, Jessica G Shantha⁴², Jose S Pulido⁴³, Justine R Smith⁴⁴, Jyotirmay Biswas⁴⁵, K Bailey Freund⁴⁶, Kathryn Pepple⁴⁷, Lee M Jampol⁴⁸, Luca Cimino⁴⁹, Marc De Smet⁵⁰, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli⁵¹, Marion R Munk⁵², Massimo Accorinti⁵³, Maura Di Nicola⁵⁴, Meghan Berkenstock⁵⁵, Michael Altaweel⁵⁶, Phoebe Lin⁵⁷, Quan Dong Nguyen⁵⁸, Richard Spaide⁵⁹, Rupesh Agrawal⁶⁰, Sapna S Gangaputra⁶¹, Soon Phaik Chee⁶², Srinivas Sadda⁶³, Sumit Sharma⁶⁴, Timothy M Janetos⁶⁵, Vishali Gupta⁶⁶, Zohar Habot-Wilner⁶⁷

Affiliations

¹ From the Augenarzt Praxisgemeinschaft Gutblick (M.M., R.S., A.T.), Pfäffikon, Switzerland; Department of Ophthalmology (M.M., R.S.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Ophthalmology (M.M., L.J.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Electronic address: marion_munk@hotmail.com.
² From the Augenarzt Praxisgemeinschaft Gutblick (M.M., R.S., A.T.), Pfäffikon, Switzerland; Department of Ophthalmology (M.M., R.S.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
³ From the Augenarzt Praxisgemeinschaft Gutblick (M.M., R.S., A.T.), Pfäffikon, Switzerland.
⁴ Department of Ophthalmology (M.M., L.J.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
⁵ Department of Ophthalmology (M.V.C), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
⁶ Cole Eye Institute (P.L.), Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.
⁷ Department of Ophthalmology (K.P.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, USA; Roger and Angie Karalis Johnson Retina Center (K.P.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington State, USA.
⁸ Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York (K.F.), New York, New York, USA; Department of Ophthalmology (K.F.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
⁹ Uveitis Service (I.T.), Eye Protection Foundation Bayrampasa Eye Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
¹⁰ Division of Ophthalmology (Z.H.), Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; School of Medicine (Z.H.), Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
¹¹ Eye Institute (A.A.), Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (A.A.), Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
¹² Vanderbilt Eye Institute (S.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
¹³ LKC School of Medicine (R.A.), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology (R.A., A.I.), Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Duke NUS Medical School (R.A.), Singapore; Ocular Infections and AntiMicrobials, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.
¹⁴ Center for Clinical Trials and Evidence Synthesis (D.J.), Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Wilmer Eye Institute (D.J.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
¹⁵ Doheny Eye Institute (S.S.), Pasadena, California, USA; Department of Ophthalmology (S.S.), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
¹⁶ Stein Eye Institute (D.S.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Ophthalmology (V.G.), Advanced Eye Center, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Electronic address: vishalisara@yahoo.co.in.
¹⁸ Neuroscience Research Group (NEUROS) (A.D.), Neurovitae Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
¹⁹ Department of Ophthalmology (A.F.), Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo, Spain.
²⁰ Department of Ophthalmology (R.A., A.I.), Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Eye Clinic (A.I.), Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
²¹ Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (A.F.), Chicago, USA.
²² University of Bristol (A.D.), UK; Bristol Eye Hospital, UK; Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
²³ Eye Institute (A.A.), Cleveland Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
²⁴ California Pacific Medical Center (CPMC) (A.A.), San Francisco, California, USA; West Coast Retina (A.A.), San Francisco, California, USA.
²⁵ Department of Ophthalmology (A.B.), Ophtalmopôle, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
²⁶ Hospital Universitario Austral (A.S.), Derqui-Pilar, Argentina.
²⁷ Department of Ophthalmology (B.B.), IHU FOReSIGHT, Pitié-Salpêtrière Universtiy Hospital, Paris, France.
²⁸ Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Medicine (C.F.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese [European Reference Network (ERN) for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory, and Autoimmune Diseases (RITA) Center], Sienna, Italy.
²⁹ Stein Eye Institute, University of California (D.S.), Los Angeles, California, USA.
³⁰ Department of Ophthalmology (D.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois USA.
³¹ Department of Ophthalmology (D.G.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
³² Center for Clinical Trials and Evidence Synthesis (D.J.), Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Ophthalmology(D.J.), Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
³³ Stein Eye Institute (E.T.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
³⁴ School of Medicine (E.M.), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Ophthalmology (E.M.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
³⁵ Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz (E.C.), Madrid, Spain.
³⁶ Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic (F.P.), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
³⁷ Department of Ophthalmology (I.T.), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
³⁸ Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (I.L.), Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa (CAML), Lisbon, Portugal.
³⁹ Department of Ophthalmology (J.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida, USA.
⁴⁰ University Medical Center Utrecht (J.V.), Utrecht, The Netherlands.
⁴¹ Wilmer Eye Institute (J.T.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
⁴² Francis I. Proctor Foundation (J.S.), Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
⁴³ Wills Eye Hospital (J.P.), Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
⁴⁴ College of Medicine and Public Health (J.S.), Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
⁴⁵ Uveitis & Ocular Pathology Department (J.B.), Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India.
⁴⁶ Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York (K.F.), New York, USA; Department of Ophthalmology (K.F.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
⁴⁷ Department of Ophthalmology (K.P.), University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
⁴⁸ Department of Ophthalmology (L.J.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois USA.
⁴⁹ Ocular Immunology Unit (L.C.), Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy; Department of Surgery (L.C.), Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
⁵⁰ Micro Invasive Ocular Surgery Clinic (M.D.), Lausanne, Switzerland.
⁵¹ Department of Ophthalmology (M.C.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
⁵² Augenarzt Praxisgemeinschaft Gutblick (M.M.), Pfäffikon, Switzerland.
⁵³ IRCSS Fondazione Bietti (M.A.), Rome, Italy.
⁵⁴ Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (M.N.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
⁵⁵ Wilmer Eye Institute (M.B.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
⁵⁶ Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (M.A.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; McPherson Eye Research Institute (M.A.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
⁵⁷ Cleveland Clinic Foundation (P.L.), Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, USA.
⁵⁸ Spencer Center for Vision Research (Q.N.), Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.
⁵⁹ Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York (R.S.), New York, USA.
⁶⁰ National Healthcare Group Eye institute (R.A.), Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; LKC School of Medicine (R.A.), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore.
⁶¹ Vanderbilt Eye Institute (S.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
⁶² Department of Ocular Inflammation and Immunology (S.C.), Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
⁶³ Doheny Eye Institute (S.S.), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
⁶⁴ Cleveland Clinic Foundation (S.S.), Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, USA.
⁶⁵ Department of Ophthalmology (T.J.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois USA.
⁶⁶ Advanced Eye Centre (V.G.), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
⁶⁷ Tel Aviv Medical Center (Z.H.), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

PMID: 40571046
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.039

Free article

Practice Guideline

Evidence and Consensus Based Imaging Guidelines in Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome Multimodal imaging in Uveitis (MUV) Taskforce Report 6

Marion R Munk et al. Am J Ophthalmol. 2025 Oct.

Free article

. 2025 Oct:278:191-202.

doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.039. Epub 2025 Jun 24.

Authors

Collaborators

Multimodal Imaging in Uveitis (MUV) Taskforce:
Alejandra de-la-Torre¹⁸, Alejandro Fonollosa¹⁹, Alessandro Invernizzi²⁰, Amani Fawzi²¹, Andrew Dick²², Aniruddha Agarwal²³, Anita Agarwal²⁴, Antoine Brezin²⁵, Ariel Schlaen²⁶, Bahram Bodaghi²⁷, Claudia Fabiani²⁸, David Sarraf²⁹, Debra A Goldstein³⁰, Dilraj Grewal³¹, Douglas A Jabs³², Edmund Tsui³³, Elisabetta Miserocchi³⁴, Ester Carreño³⁵, Francesco Pichi³⁶, Ilknur Tugal-Tutkun³⁷, Inês Leal³⁸, Janet L Davis³⁹, Jeannette Ossewaarde- van Norel⁴⁰, Jennifer E Thorne⁴¹, Jessica G Shantha⁴², Jose S Pulido⁴³, Justine R Smith⁴⁴, Jyotirmay Biswas⁴⁵, K Bailey Freund⁴⁶, Kathryn Pepple⁴⁷, Lee M Jampol⁴⁸, Luca Cimino⁴⁹, Marc De Smet⁵⁰, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli⁵¹, Marion R Munk⁵², Massimo Accorinti⁵³, Maura Di Nicola⁵⁴, Meghan Berkenstock⁵⁵, Michael Altaweel⁵⁶, Phoebe Lin⁵⁷, Quan Dong Nguyen⁵⁸, Richard Spaide⁵⁹, Rupesh Agrawal⁶⁰, Sapna S Gangaputra⁶¹, Soon Phaik Chee⁶², Srinivas Sadda⁶³, Sumit Sharma⁶⁴, Timothy M Janetos⁶⁵, Vishali Gupta⁶⁶, Zohar Habot-Wilner⁶⁷

Affiliations

¹ From the Augenarzt Praxisgemeinschaft Gutblick (M.M., R.S., A.T.), Pfäffikon, Switzerland; Department of Ophthalmology (M.M., R.S.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Ophthalmology (M.M., L.J.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Electronic address: marion_munk@hotmail.com.
² From the Augenarzt Praxisgemeinschaft Gutblick (M.M., R.S., A.T.), Pfäffikon, Switzerland; Department of Ophthalmology (M.M., R.S.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
³ From the Augenarzt Praxisgemeinschaft Gutblick (M.M., R.S., A.T.), Pfäffikon, Switzerland.
⁴ Department of Ophthalmology (M.M., L.J.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
⁵ Department of Ophthalmology (M.V.C), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
⁶ Cole Eye Institute (P.L.), Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.
⁷ Department of Ophthalmology (K.P.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, USA; Roger and Angie Karalis Johnson Retina Center (K.P.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington State, USA.
⁸ Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York (K.F.), New York, New York, USA; Department of Ophthalmology (K.F.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
⁹ Uveitis Service (I.T.), Eye Protection Foundation Bayrampasa Eye Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
¹⁰ Division of Ophthalmology (Z.H.), Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; School of Medicine (Z.H.), Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
¹¹ Eye Institute (A.A.), Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (A.A.), Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
¹² Vanderbilt Eye Institute (S.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
¹³ LKC School of Medicine (R.A.), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology (R.A., A.I.), Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Duke NUS Medical School (R.A.), Singapore; Ocular Infections and AntiMicrobials, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.
¹⁴ Center for Clinical Trials and Evidence Synthesis (D.J.), Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Wilmer Eye Institute (D.J.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
¹⁵ Doheny Eye Institute (S.S.), Pasadena, California, USA; Department of Ophthalmology (S.S.), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
¹⁶ Stein Eye Institute (D.S.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Ophthalmology (V.G.), Advanced Eye Center, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Electronic address: vishalisara@yahoo.co.in.
¹⁸ Neuroscience Research Group (NEUROS) (A.D.), Neurovitae Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
¹⁹ Department of Ophthalmology (A.F.), Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo, Spain.
²⁰ Department of Ophthalmology (R.A., A.I.), Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Eye Clinic (A.I.), Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
²¹ Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (A.F.), Chicago, USA.
²² University of Bristol (A.D.), UK; Bristol Eye Hospital, UK; Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
²³ Eye Institute (A.A.), Cleveland Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
²⁴ California Pacific Medical Center (CPMC) (A.A.), San Francisco, California, USA; West Coast Retina (A.A.), San Francisco, California, USA.
²⁵ Department of Ophthalmology (A.B.), Ophtalmopôle, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
²⁶ Hospital Universitario Austral (A.S.), Derqui-Pilar, Argentina.
²⁷ Department of Ophthalmology (B.B.), IHU FOReSIGHT, Pitié-Salpêtrière Universtiy Hospital, Paris, France.
²⁸ Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Medicine (C.F.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese [European Reference Network (ERN) for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory, and Autoimmune Diseases (RITA) Center], Sienna, Italy.
²⁹ Stein Eye Institute, University of California (D.S.), Los Angeles, California, USA.
³⁰ Department of Ophthalmology (D.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois USA.
³¹ Department of Ophthalmology (D.G.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
³² Center for Clinical Trials and Evidence Synthesis (D.J.), Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Ophthalmology(D.J.), Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
³³ Stein Eye Institute (E.T.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
³⁴ School of Medicine (E.M.), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Ophthalmology (E.M.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
³⁵ Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz (E.C.), Madrid, Spain.
³⁶ Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic (F.P.), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
³⁷ Department of Ophthalmology (I.T.), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
³⁸ Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (I.L.), Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa (CAML), Lisbon, Portugal.
³⁹ Department of Ophthalmology (J.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida, USA.
⁴⁰ University Medical Center Utrecht (J.V.), Utrecht, The Netherlands.
⁴¹ Wilmer Eye Institute (J.T.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
⁴² Francis I. Proctor Foundation (J.S.), Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
⁴³ Wills Eye Hospital (J.P.), Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
⁴⁴ College of Medicine and Public Health (J.S.), Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
⁴⁵ Uveitis & Ocular Pathology Department (J.B.), Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India.
⁴⁶ Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York (K.F.), New York, USA; Department of Ophthalmology (K.F.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
⁴⁷ Department of Ophthalmology (K.P.), University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
⁴⁸ Department of Ophthalmology (L.J.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois USA.
⁴⁹ Ocular Immunology Unit (L.C.), Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy; Department of Surgery (L.C.), Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
⁵⁰ Micro Invasive Ocular Surgery Clinic (M.D.), Lausanne, Switzerland.
⁵¹ Department of Ophthalmology (M.C.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
⁵² Augenarzt Praxisgemeinschaft Gutblick (M.M.), Pfäffikon, Switzerland.
⁵³ IRCSS Fondazione Bietti (M.A.), Rome, Italy.
⁵⁴ Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (M.N.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
⁵⁵ Wilmer Eye Institute (M.B.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
⁵⁶ Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (M.A.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; McPherson Eye Research Institute (M.A.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
⁵⁷ Cleveland Clinic Foundation (P.L.), Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, USA.
⁵⁸ Spencer Center for Vision Research (Q.N.), Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.
⁵⁹ Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York (R.S.), New York, USA.
⁶⁰ National Healthcare Group Eye institute (R.A.), Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; LKC School of Medicine (R.A.), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore.
⁶¹ Vanderbilt Eye Institute (S.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
⁶² Department of Ocular Inflammation and Immunology (S.C.), Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
⁶³ Doheny Eye Institute (S.S.), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
⁶⁴ Cleveland Clinic Foundation (S.S.), Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, USA.
⁶⁵ Department of Ophthalmology (T.J.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois USA.
⁶⁶ Advanced Eye Centre (V.G.), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
⁶⁷ Tel Aviv Medical Center (Z.H.), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

PMID: 40571046
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.039

Abstract

Purpose: To develop imaging and consensus-based guidelines on the application of multimodal imaging in multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS).

Design: Consensus agreement guided by literature, and an expert committee using a nominal group technique (NGT).

Methods: The expert committee employed a structured NGT with multiple rounds of discussion, conflict resolution, and anonymous voting to: (1) establish imaging criteria for diagnosing and monitoring MEWDS using color fundus photography (CFP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and OCT angiography (OCTA); and (2) develop consensus-based recommendations for assessing specific characteristics in patients with MEWDS. These formal recommendations were derived from a structured NGT using illustrative cases of MEWDS and were further voted upon by the entire task force.

Results: The diagnosis of acute MEWDS is supported by distinct multimodal features on CFP, multi-focal disruption of the ellipsoid/interdigitation zone with overlying outer retinal hyper-reflectivity with OCT, and hyper-autofluorescent spots with FAF (short-wave blue/green). In complex cases, wreath-like lesions on FFA and the absence of early hypofluorescence on ICGA help differentiate MEWDS from other chorioretinopathies. The lack of specific choroidal changes on OCT and preserved signal on OCTA on retinal and inner choroidal slabs also aid in diagnosis.

Conclusions: Multimodal imaging is essential for diagnosing MEWDS and differentiating it from other non-infectious uveitis types, extending the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) classification. These imaging criteria enable detailed assessment of disease activity and offer valuable insights into MEWDS pathogenesis.

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Evidence and Consensus Based Imaging Guidelines in Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome Multimodal imaging in Uveitis (MUV) Taskforce Report 6

Collaborators

Affiliations

Evidence and Consensus Based Imaging Guidelines in Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome Multimodal imaging in Uveitis (MUV) Taskforce Report 6

Authors

Collaborators

Affiliations

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical

Miscellaneous