Geopolymer Concrete Physical and Mechanical Properties on a Combined Binder Reinforced with Dispersed Polypropylene Fiber

Abstract

Geopolymer concrete is a promising construction material that acts as an alternative to cement concrete. Unlike traditional cement concrete, geopolymers are environmentally friendly materials, the production of which does not involve significant carbon dioxide emissions. However, the structure formation and properties of geopolymers significantly depend on raw materials and are insufficiently studied. The aim of the study is to select the optimal combination of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and fly ash (FA) as a binder and the optimal content of polypropylene fiber to create a sustainable, environmentally friendly and effective geopolymer concrete. To study various compositions of geopolymer binders selected by combining GGBS and FA, experimental geopolymer concrete mixtures and samples from them were manufactured. The density and slump of fresh concrete and the density and compressive strength of hardened composites were studied as mechanical characteristics. The microstructure of the geopolymer matrix was analyzed using optical and scanning electron microscopes. The most rational combination of GGBS 80% and FA 20% was determined, which allows obtaining a composite with the highest compressive strength of up to 31.5 MPa. A dispersion reinforcement study revealed that 0.8% polypropylene fiber (PF) is optimal. This allowed us to increase the compressive strength by 7.3% and the flexural strength by 48.7%. The geopolymer fiber concrete obtained in this study is a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative composite material and has sufficient performance properties for its use as an alternative to cement concrete.

Keywords: aluminosilicate component; compressive strength; dispersed reinforcement; geopolymer concrete; polypropylene fiber (PF).

Figure 1

Appearance of aluminosilicate components: (a) FA, (b) GGBS.

Figure 2

Particle distribution curves of (a) GGBS and FA; (b) GGBS and FA cumulative content; (c) QS; (d) CrS.

Figure 2

Particle distribution curves of (a) GGBS and FA; (b) GGBS and FA cumulative content; (c) QS; (d) CrS.

Figure 3

Experimental study program of geopolymer concrete on a combined binder.

Figure 4

Experimental study program for geopolymer fiber-reinforced concrete with combined binder.

Figure 5

Density of fresh geopolymer concrete as a function of GGBS and FA content.

Figure 6

Dependence of fresh geopolymer concrete slump on GGBS and FA content.

Figure 7

Dependence of the density of geopolymer concrete on the content of GGBS and FA.

Figure 8

Compressive strength of geopolymer concrete as a function of GGBS and FA content.

Figure 9

A sample of geopolymer concrete of the 80G/20F type (a) before failure; (b) after failure.

Figure 10

Compressive strength of geopolymer concrete as a function of PF content.

Figure 11

Geopolymer concrete flexural strength versus PF content.

Figure 12

Microstructure of geopolymer paste of composition 80G/20F: (a) with magnification of 300×; (b) with magnification of 1000×.

Figure 13

Microstructure of geopolymer paste of composition 80G/20F with 0.8% PF: (a) with magnification of 300×; (b) with magnification of 1000×.

Figure 14

Structure of a sample of geopolymer concrete of type 80G/20F: (a) without marking; (b) with marking.

Figure 15

Structure of the sample of geopolymer concrete of the 80G/20F type with 0.8% PF: (a) without marking; (b) with marking.