Effect of educational intervention on quality of life in diabetic patients: a comparison between intervention and control groups at Ziaeian hospital

doi:10.1007/s40200-025-01666-w

. 2025 Jun 24;24(2):155.

doi: 10.1007/s40200-025-01666-w. eCollection 2025 Dec.

Effect of educational intervention on quality of life in diabetic patients: a comparison between intervention and control groups at Ziaeian hospital

Abolfazl Zendehdel^{1

2}, Abdolrahman Rostamian³, Mohammad Effatpanah⁴, Assadollah Rajab⁵, Elham Elahi⁶, Shnoo Bayazidi^{7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Internal Medicine Department, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
² Family Medicine Department, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
³ Rheumatology Research Center, Imam Khomeini Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴ Pediatric Department, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, National Center for Health Insurance Research, Tehran, Iran.
⁵ Iranian Diabetes Society, Tehran, Iran.
⁶ Health Education and Health Promotion, National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁷ Master of Epidemiology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁸ Research Officer Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

PMID: 40575801
PMCID: PMC12187616 (available on 2026-06-24)
DOI: 10.1007/s40200-025-01666-w

Effect of educational intervention on quality of life in diabetic patients: a comparison between intervention and control groups at Ziaeian hospital

Abolfazl Zendehdel et al. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2025.

. 2025 Jun 24;24(2):155.

doi: 10.1007/s40200-025-01666-w. eCollection 2025 Dec.

Authors

Abolfazl Zendehdel^{1

2}, Abdolrahman Rostamian³, Mohammad Effatpanah⁴, Assadollah Rajab⁵, Elham Elahi⁶, Shnoo Bayazidi^{7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Internal Medicine Department, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
² Family Medicine Department, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
³ Rheumatology Research Center, Imam Khomeini Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴ Pediatric Department, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, National Center for Health Insurance Research, Tehran, Iran.
⁵ Iranian Diabetes Society, Tehran, Iran.
⁶ Health Education and Health Promotion, National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁷ Master of Epidemiology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁸ Research Officer Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

PMID: 40575801
PMCID: PMC12187616 (available on 2026-06-24)
DOI: 10.1007/s40200-025-01666-w

Abstract

Background: Diabetes increases healthcare load and seriously compromises quality of life. This study aimed to develop a hospital-based educational and follow-up strategy at Ziaeian Hospital and assess how it affected the diabetic patients' health outcomes.

Methods: This study was a community-level intervention based on Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT). The study was conducted from 2020 to 2022 at Ziaeian Hospital in District 17 of Tehran, involving 312 diabetic patients. Participants were randomly allocated to two groups: the intervention group (n = 156) and the control group (n = 156). The intervention group received structured education, continuous follow-up, and family engagement, while the control group underwent standard treatment. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire and the SF-36 quality of life assessment. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 14.02, with significance set at P < 0.05. The statistical tests employed included t-tests, Chi-squared tests, Fisher's exact test, and paired t-test.

Result: The mortality rate in the control group was therefore 9.03%, higher than the 5.52% noted in the intervention group. Baseline clinical markers (FBS, HbA1c, triglycerides, cholesterol, and BMI) showed no appreciable differences across the groups. Though no significant changes in social functioning, mental health, or physical performance, the intervention group showed notable improvements in overall quality of life (p = 0.0053), general health (p < 0.0001), energy/fatigue (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion: In conclusion, systematic instruction and continuous monitoring improved quality of life and lower mortality among diabetics. These results highlight the need of patient monitoring in diabetes management as well as of hospital-based training programs.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Educational intervention; Follow-up care; Patient monitoring; Quality of life.

© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2025. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests.

References

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[1] Ernawati U, Wihastuti TA, Utami YW. Effectiveness of diabetes self-management education (DSME) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients: systematic literature review. J Public Health Res. 2021;10(2):jphr2021240. - PMC - PubMed

[2] Ernawati U, Wihastuti TA, Utami YW. Effectiveness of diabetes self-management education (DSME) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients: systematic literature review. J Public Health Res. 2021;10(2):jphr2021240. - PMC - PubMed

[3] Rasoul AM, Jalali R, Abdi A, Salari N, Rahimi M, Mohammadi M. The effect of self-management education through weblogs on the quality of life of diabetic patients. BMC Med Inf Decis Mak. 2019;19:1–12. - PMC - PubMed

[4] Rasoul AM, Jalali R, Abdi A, Salari N, Rahimi M, Mohammadi M. The effect of self-management education through weblogs on the quality of life of diabetic patients. BMC Med Inf Decis Mak. 2019;19:1–12. - PMC - PubMed

[5] Amin MF, Bhowmik B, Rouf R, Khan MI, Tasnim SA, Afsana F, et al. Assessment of quality of life and its determinants in type-2 diabetes patients using the WHOQOL-BREF instrument in Bangladesh. BMC Endocr Disorders. 2022;22(1):162. - PMC - PubMed

[6] Amin MF, Bhowmik B, Rouf R, Khan MI, Tasnim SA, Afsana F, et al. Assessment of quality of life and its determinants in type-2 diabetes patients using the WHOQOL-BREF instrument in Bangladesh. BMC Endocr Disorders. 2022;22(1):162. - PMC - PubMed

[7] Baral IA, Baral S. Self-care management among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tanahun. Nepal Archives Community Med Public Health. 2021;7(1):037–42.

[8] Baral IA, Baral S. Self-care management among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tanahun. Nepal Archives Community Med Public Health. 2021;7(1):037–42.

[9] Cezaretto A, Siqueira-Catania A, de Barros CR, Salvador EP, Ferreira SRG. Benefits on quality of life concomitant to metabolic improvement in intervention program for prevention of diabetes mellitus. Qual Life Res. 2012;21:105–13. - PubMed

[10] Cezaretto A, Siqueira-Catania A, de Barros CR, Salvador EP, Ferreira SRG. Benefits on quality of life concomitant to metabolic improvement in intervention program for prevention of diabetes mellitus. Qual Life Res. 2012;21:105–13. - PubMed

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Effect of educational intervention on quality of life in diabetic patients: a comparison between intervention and control groups at Ziaeian hospital

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Effect of educational intervention on quality of life in diabetic patients: a comparison between intervention and control groups at Ziaeian hospital

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