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. 2025 Jun 27;20(6):e0327350.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0327350. eCollection 2025.

Effectiveness of interactive dashboards as audit and feedback tools in primary care: A systematic review

Florence L Meier  1 , Levy Jäger  1 , Oliver Senn  1 , Stefan Markun  1 , Jakob M Burgstaller  1
Affiliations

Effectiveness of interactive dashboards as audit and feedback tools in primary care: A systematic review

Florence L Meier et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Prospero (CRD42024506727).

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Conflict of interest statement

At time of writing, the Institute of Primary Care (JMB and SM specifically) is developing an i-A&F dashboard for Swiss general practitioners. As of the start of this review, no funding has been received for this project.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Flowchart for study selection.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Risk of bias of included studies.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Effects of interventions.
Effect sizes and confidence intervals of interventions for QIs replicated in at least one other included study, converted to corresponding odds ratios where necessary. Abbreviations: *initiated treatment; #sustained treatment; CKD = chronic kidney disease; CI = confidence interval; CVD = cardiovascular disease; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; FH = familial hypercholesterolemia; HF = heart failure; IHD = ischemic heart disease; IS = ischemic stroke; PVD = peripheral vascular disease; QI = quality indicator; T2D = type 2 diabetes; uACR = urine albumin creatinine ratio.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Overview of dashboard features and evaluation.
Number of studies that used a particular dashboard feature or met a particular evaluation scenario. Abbreviations: n.a. = not applicable.
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