Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Children: An Update

Abstract

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a complex syndrome causing generalized micro thrombi formation, which causes consumption of coagulation factors resulting in secondary fibrinolysis. It is not uncommon in children. Due to its highly complex and variable pathophysiology and interrelationship with hemostatic system, DIC does not show any uniformity in presentation. Although, there are many forms of DIC, clinical picture of DIC is dominant with bleeding. Besides, there is no gold standard investigation to diagnose DIC. Many therapeutic approaches are not validated and controversial. Prompt diagnosis and correct treatment depends on understanding of underlying pathology. Treatment should be individualized depending on the nature of DIC to correct the underlying pathology, as complexity and variation of presentation suggests.