Nesting the Eggs on Another Day: Social Egg Freezing
- PMID: 40584799
- PMCID: PMC12205108
- DOI: 10.1007/s13224-025-02157-x
Nesting the Eggs on Another Day: Social Egg Freezing
Abstract
The object of this review article is to update on the freezing of oocytes for non-medical reasons. Following a review of increased success rate and safety, the cryopreservation of oocytes is no longer considered experimental. The trend of oocyte freezing is increasing amongst woman who wants to delay childbearing for personal, professional and financial reasons. Very few women return to retrieve their warmed frozen oocytes. The current evidence suggests that there is 70% chance of a live birth following cryopreservation of > 20 M II oocytes at < 38 years of age. However, a larger meta-analysis from different centres is needed to confirm the optimum age for oocyte cryopreservation, the optimum number of oocytes required for live birth, cost-effectiveness and how best to give accurate, unbiased updates to the prospective candidate wanting cryofreezing. In this paper, we have attempted to comprehensively review the literature published on the indications, success rates, factors affecting success rates, live birth rates, counselling, return rates and safety of social egg freezing.
Keywords: Oocyte cryopreservation; Planned fertility delay; Reproductive intention; Social egg freezing.
© The Author(s) 2025.
Conflict of interest statement
Conflict of interestNo conflict of interest exists for any of the three authors regarding this manuscript.
Similar articles
-
Single-cell analysis comparing early-stage oocytes from fresh and slow-frozen/thawed human ovarian cortex reveals minimal impact of cryopreservation on the oocyte transcriptome.Hum Reprod. 2025 Apr 1;40(4):683-694. doi: 10.1093/humrep/deaf009. Hum Reprod. 2025. PMID: 39919251
-
Antioxidants for male subfertility.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 May 4;5(5):CD007411. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007411.pub5. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022. PMID: 35506389 Free PMC article.
-
Oocyte, embryo and blastocyst cryopreservation in ART: systematic review and meta-analysis comparing slow-freezing versus vitrification to produce evidence for the development of global guidance.Hum Reprod Update. 2017 Mar 1;23(2):139-155. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmw038. Hum Reprod Update. 2017. PMID: 27827818 Free PMC article.
-
Growth hormone for in vitro fertilisation (IVF).Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Nov 22;11(11):CD000099. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000099.pub4. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021. PMID: 34808697 Free PMC article.
-
Cycle regimens for frozen-thawed embryo transfer.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Jul 5;7(7):CD003414. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003414.pub3. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2025 Jun 3;6:CD003414. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003414.pub4. PMID: 28675921 Free PMC article. Updated.
References
-
- Marriages in England and Wales; office for national statistics, 19th May, 2022.
-
- Malchau SS, Henningsen AA, Rasmussen LS, et al. The long term prognosis for live birth in couples initiating fertility treatment. Hum Reprod. 2017;32:1439–49. - PubMed
-
- Mertis H, Pennings G. Social egg freezing; for better, not for worse. RBM. 2011;23:824–9. - PubMed
-
- Giannopapa M, Sakellarid A, Pana A, et al. Woman electing oocyte cryopreservation: characteristics, information, sources & oocyte disposition: a systematic review. J Midwifery Women’s Health. 2022;67(2):178–201. - PubMed
-
- Johnston M, Richings NM, Leung A, et al. A major increase in oocyte cryopreservation cycles in the USA. Australia and New Zealand since 2010 is highlighted by younger women but a need for standardized data collection. Hum Reprod. 2021;36(3):624–35. - PubMed