Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2025 Jun 30;197(7):823.
doi: 10.1007/s10661-025-14315-9.

Micro-and nanoplastic contamination in beverages in Vietnam

Van T T Nguyen  1 , Huyen M Hoang  1 , Duong D Duong  2
Affiliations

Micro-and nanoplastic contamination in beverages in Vietnam

Van T T Nguyen et al. Environ Monit Assess. .

Abstract

Plastic has improved human living conditions in many ways. However, studies have shown that the contamination of plastic particles in human tissue can cause serious health issues, reflecting the unforeseen consequences of improper plastic waste management. Micro- and nanoplastic (MNP) contamination has become a global concern for environmental and health scientists. However, current water treatment methods lack specific processes to eliminate plastic residues from water. The growing market for bottled drinks further raises concerns about the presence of plastic particles in daily human life. In this study, we report an investigation into plastic contamination in non-alcoholic beverages in Vietnam, including bottled water, soft drinks, and teas. As a developing country, Vietnam is severely affected by plastic pollution and lacks adequate resources to assess the extent of the contamination. Using a nanoparticle analyzer to detect particles in the liquid solutions, the number and size of MNP in the collected samples were identified. The results showed that bottled water contained an average of 4.6 × 106 nanoplastic/mL, and 1.76 × 107 microplastic/mL, while sugary drinks contained 1.91 × 108 nanoplastic/mL and 1.27 × 109 microplastic/mL. The sizes and shapes of these particles varied greatly, suggesting possible contamination from multiple sources. This is the first study to investigate the distribution of MNP in beverages in Vietnam. Although the sources of contamination could not be identified, the findings raise concerns about potential water pollution and production-related issues.

Keywords: Beverages; Microplastic; Nanoplastic; Vietnam.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests.

References

    1. Adedapo, O., Boros, N., Dálnoki, A. B., Gulyás, M., Sebők, A., Túry, R., & Takács, A. (2024). The effect of the significant acid and alkaline environment and oxidation agent on the microplastic integrity. Discover Sustainability, 5(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-024-00200-x
    1. Adhikari, S., Kelkar, V., Kumar, R., & Halden, R. U. (2022). Methods and challenges in the detection of microplastics and nanoplastics: A mini-review. Polymer International, 71(5), 543–551. https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.6348
    1. Altunışık, A. (2023). Microplastic pollution and human risk assessment in Turkish bottled natural and mineral waters. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 30(14), 39815–39825. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-25054-6
    1. Andrady, A. L., & Rajapakse, N. (2019). Additives and chemicals in plastics. In H. Takada & H. K. Karapanagioti (Eds.), Hazardous chemicals associated with plastics in the marine environment (pp. 1–17). Springer International Publishing.
    1. Andrady, A. L., Barnes, P. W., Bornman, J. F., Gouin, T., Madronich, S., White, C. C., Zepp, R. G., & Jansen, M. A. K. (2022). Oxidation and fragmentation of plastics in a changing environment; From UV-radiation to biological degradation. Science of the Total Environment, 851, 158022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158022

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources