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Meta-Analysis
. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):23019.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06261-w.

The clinical benefit of alveolar ridge preservation in the posterior maxilla: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Basel Mahardawi  1   2 , Sirimanas Jiaranuchart  1   2 , Sirida Arunjaroensuk  1 , Kanit Dhanesuan  1 , Nikos Mattheos  1   2   3 , Atiphan Pimkhaokham  4   5
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

The clinical benefit of alveolar ridge preservation in the posterior maxilla: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Basel Mahardawi et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

This study aimed to collectively synthesize the available evidence on the effect of alveolar ridge preservation at the posterior maxilla in reducing maxillary sinus pneumatization after tooth extraction, and the necessity of sinus floor augmentation during implant placement. Database search, along with additional screening in the grey literature were conducted, to find clinical studies where ridge preservation was performed in the posterior maxilla, and was compared with normal healing. Eleven studies were included, with 185 and 203 sites for the test and control groups, respectively. Ridge preservation significantly decreased sinus pneumatization (SMD = - 0.88, 95% CI - 1.19 to - 0.58, p-value < 0.00001) and reduced the need for additional sinus floor augmentation when placing dental implants (OR = 0.18, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.36, p-value < 0.00001). Moreover, ridge height was significantly greater (SMD = 1.33, 95% CI 0.58 to 2.09, p-value = 0.0005), while ridge width did not show a statistical significance, compared to spontaneous healing (p-value = 0.053). Therefore, alveolar ridge preservation in the posterior maxilla decreases sinus pneumatization, as well as the need for sinus floor augmentation at the time of implant placement, along with its general benefits in preserving bone volume. Nevertheless, future comparisons are still needed, considering the small number of studies available.

Keywords: Alveolar bone grafting; Alveolar ridge augmentation; Bone substitutes; Dental implants; Tooth extraction.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA flowchart of the search process.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Risk of bias in each domain of the included randomized clinical trials (A), and controlled clinical trials (B).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Forest plot of the results of the meta-analysis of the need for additional sinus augmentation. (A) Including all studies, (B) analysis of prospective studies, (C) adjusting for non-randomized trials, (D) analysis of studies with the same material and membrane used for the procedure.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Forest plot of the results of the meta-analysis of sinus pneumatization. (A) including all studies, (B) analysis of prospective studies, (C) adjusting for non-randomized trials, (D) analysis of studies with the same material and membrane used for the procedure.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Forest plot to demonstrate the results of the meta-analysis of ridge height. (A) including all studies, (B) analysis of prospective studies, (C) adjusting for non-randomized trials, (D) analysis of studies with the same material and membrane used for the procedure.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Forest plot to demonstrate results of the meta-analysis of ridge width. (A) including all studies, (B) analysis of prospective studies, (C) adjusting for non-randomized trials, (D) analysis of studies with the same material and membrane used for the procedure.
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