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. 2025 Jul 1;25(1):357.
doi: 10.1186/s12886-025-04190-w.

Exploring computerized tomography findings and ocular trauma score in open globe injuries: assessing imaging's predictive value

Ezgi Karataş  1 , Denizcan Özizmirliler  2 , Ceren Durmaz Engin  3 , Mustafa Barış  4 , Ekrem Anıl Sarı  4 , Ziya Ayhan  5
Affiliations

Exploring computerized tomography findings and ocular trauma score in open globe injuries: assessing imaging's predictive value

Ezgi Karataş et al. BMC Ophthalmol. .

Abstract

Background: To investigate the relationship between computerized tomography (CT) findings and the Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) in patients with open globe injury (OGI).

Methods: This study included 123 individuals with OGI, examining injury characteristics, clinical symptoms, and CT scans for scleral irregularity, reduced globe volume, dislocated crystalline lens, aberrant vitreous density, chorioretinal thickening, and foreign body/air presence. The prognostic value of CT imaging in OGI was evaluated by assessing its relationship with OTS findings.

Results: The most common OTS category was stage 3, found in 71 eyes (57.7%). The prevalent CT findings included severe scleral irregularity or globe collapse (34.1%), dislocated crystalline lens (33.3%), and abnormal vitreous density (26.8%). Multivariate analysis revealed that severe scleral irregularity or globe collapse (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.36, p = 0.006) and abnormal vitreous density (OR = 1.7, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with more advanced OTS stages (I or II), indicating more severe ocular trauma. The presence of three CT findings was associated with a higher likelihood of falling into OTS stages I or II (OR = 6.82, p = 0.001). Conversely, the absence of CT findings was associated with a decreased probability of having more severe OTS stages (OR = 0.05, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: The study concludes that imaging findings are valuable for correlating with the severity of open globe injuries, highlighting the importance of CT in assessing ocular trauma.

Keywords: Computerized tomography; Ocular trauma score; Open Globe injury.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Dokuz Eylul University, School of Medicine Ethics Committee (Date: 10.01.2024, Decision No: 2024/02–17). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Classification of computerized tomography findings: (A) Scleral irregularity in the right eye. (B) Dislocated crystalline lens in the right eye. (C) Abnormal vitreous density in the left eye. (D) Thickening of choroid-retinal layer in the left eye. (E) Intraocular foreign body in the left eye
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