Exploring the experiences and perceptions of nursing students in utilizing artificial intelligence: a descriptive phenomenological study

Abstract

Background: Artificial intelligence is transforming healthcare by enhancing diagnostics, efficiency, and outcomes. Evaluating nursing students' knowledge helps identify educational gaps, as they directly engage in patient care and decision-making. This study explored their experiences with using artificial intelligence in clinical settings.

Methods: A descriptive phenomenological approach was employed to recruit eight nursing students from the School of Nursing and Midwifery in Kermanshah-Iran, all of whom had prior experience with artificial intelligence applications in clinical settings. Participants were selected purposefully and underwent in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Eight interview sessions lasting 60-70 min each were conducted, with data saturation achieved after the eighth interview. The data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method, ensuring adherence to Guba and Lincoln's criteria for trustworthiness throughout the research process. Data management was facilitated using MAXQDA 20 software.

Results: Data analysis yielded 450 initial codes, 5 sub-themes, and 4 themes. The themes identified were: (1) Novel Potentials and Broad Horizons of Artificial Intelligence, (2) Ethical and Security Challenges In The World of Artificial Intelligence, (3) Changes in Human Identity and Social Relationships In The Age of Artificial Intelligence, and (4) Enhancing and Reinventing Skills for Coexistence With Artificial Intelligence.

Conclusion: The study revealed that nursing students recognize the potential of artificial intelligence to enhance precision and efficiency in patient care. However, they emphasized the need for further education and the removal of barriers to its effective implementation.

Clinical trial number: Not applicable.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Life experiences; Nursing students; Qualitative research.