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. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):23637.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-09513-x.

60[Formula: see text] Flat PWM technique for single-source switched-capacitor multilevel inverter with quadruple voltage boost and enhanced output

Oorappan G M  1 , Lakshmanan S A  2 , Jagabar Sathik M  3
Affiliations

60[Formula: see text] Flat PWM technique for single-source switched-capacitor multilevel inverter with quadruple voltage boost and enhanced output

Oorappan G M et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

This paper introduces a new 60[Formula: see text] Flat PWM Technique for Single-Source Switched-Capacitor(SC) Multilevel Inverter with Quadruple Boost (60FP-MLI-QB) and Enhanced Output. The proposed design generates nine output levels with lower switching losses using the 60[Formula: see text] Flat PWM (60FP) Technique. Furthermore, this technique increases the voltage gain enhancement while flattening the sine wave at its peak. The driven inverter topology includes 11 switches, two capacitors, and a diode, with each levels circuit connected through six or five switches. The performance of the proposed 60FP-MLI-QB is tested through simulation and hardware experiments under various dynamic conditions, showing its flexibility and superiority compared to similar configurations. Moreover, the paper presents a harmonic minimization technique through various FP methods by modifying the sinusoidal modulation reference.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
SC-based multilevel inverter topologies with reduced voltage stress.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Voltage gain enhancement using FP technique.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Flat conduction for formula image, formula image, and formula image.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Operation states and voltage levels in proposed inverter.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Voltage level comparison and switching sequence.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Voltage ripple and peak current in MLI.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Power loss analysis of 60FP-MLI-QB: formula image; formula image; formula image.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Radar plot for performance comparison.
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
FP angle impact on voltage enhancement.
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
Experimental prototype.
Fig. 11
Fig. 11
Stable operation of the FP-RCMLI-QB. (a) output voltage and current at 50 Hz, (b) output voltage and current at 100 Hz.
Fig. 12
Fig. 12
Dynamic performance of 60FP-MLI-QB under varying conditions.
Fig. 13
Fig. 13
Voltage and current characteristics of 60FP-MLI-QB topology.
Fig. 14
Fig. 14
Harmonic spectrum and THD comparison for PWM techniques.
Fig. 15
Fig. 15
Efficiency and power loss of 60FP-MLI-QB from 300W to 500W.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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