Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2025 Jul 3;25(1):270.
doi: 10.1186/s12893-025-03028-y.

Clinical application of preoperative volumetric measurement for interventional precise embolization in the treatment of hypersplenism caused by liver cirrhosis

Yin-Bao Hu  1 , Lei Duan  1 , Guang-Yu Liu  1 , Xiao-Ming Wang  2
Affiliations

Clinical application of preoperative volumetric measurement for interventional precise embolization in the treatment of hypersplenism caused by liver cirrhosis

Yin-Bao Hu et al. BMC Surg. .

Abstract

Objective: Volume measurement software is not routinely utilized in clinical practice before splenic artery embolization. To explore the function of such software measurement in this context, we conducted a retrospective study.

Methods: We divided patients into two groups: 38 patients in Group A underwent three-dimensional reconstruction using Revolution CT, and 37 patients in Group B underwent imaging with normal CT technology. We compared the changes in liver function test results and haematological parameters between these two groups.

Results: A total of 75 patients who underwent splenic artery embolization from January 2018 to January 2023 were included. The preoperative baseline data were not significantly different (all P values > 0.05). Both groups showed improvements in liver function and hypersplenism-related parameters. Within 2 weeks after surgery, Group A had significantly greater WBC (5.54 ± 1.92 × 10^9/L) and PLT (65.80 ± 20.12 × 10^9/L) counts than Group B (WBC: 4.14 ± 1.96 × 10^9/L; PLT: 52.70 ± 14.78 × 10^9/L; P < 0.05), indicating better control of hypersplenism. At 2 months postintervention, Group A demonstrated more favourable improvements in postintervention splenic volume (reduced from 1045 ± 122.9 cm³ to 489.5 ± 84.93 cm³), portal vein diameter (from 1.51 ± 0.19 cm to 1.28 ± 0.13 cm), and portal vein flow velocity (increased from 17.70 ± 5.25 cm/s to 23.56 ± 6.40 cm/s) than Group B. Moreover, a 53.2% splenic volume reduction was noted in Group A, which was significantly greater than the 31.4% reduction in Group B. Additionally, Group A had fewer adverse reactions, with lower liver/gastrointestinal toxicity (χ²=4.242, P = 0.039) and fever severity (χ²= 4.805, P = 0.028).

Conclusions: This study suggests that using Revolution CT prior to splenic artery embolization provides an effective method for managing hypersplenism, enhancing liver function, and reducing the risk of complications.

Keywords: Hypersplenism; Liver cirrhosis; Partial Splenic embolization; Three-dimensional CT reconstruction.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Our study was approved by Ethics Committee of Panzhihua Central Hospital (pzhszxyyII-2021-14). Informed consent was obtained from all the participants. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Consent for publication: Not appliable.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Imaging manifestations. A-B Coronal and cross-sectional CT images of the spleen. C-D Vascular reconstructions by Revolution 3D CT. E-G DSA images of the spleen
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Coronal and cross-sectional CT images of the spleen at different follow-up intervals (A-G)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Kutaiba N, Chung W, Goodwin M, Testro A, Egan G, Lim R. The impact of hepatic and Splenic volumetric assessment in imaging for chronic liver disease: a narrative review. Insights Imaging. 2024;15(1):146. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Huang DQ, Terrault NA, Tacke F, Gluud LL, Arrese M, Bugianesi E, Loomba R. Global epidemiology of cirrhosis - aetiology, trends and predictions. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;20(6):388–98. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Peng H, Li Z, Zhang W, Hu G, Huang L, Shen Y, Zhang Q, Yu Q. Changes in hepatic function after splenectomy for hepatolenticular degeneration, cirrhosis, and hypersplenism. Am Surg. 2023;89(12):5949–56. - PubMed
    1. Lewis SM, Williams A, Eisenbarth SC. Structure and function of the immune system in the spleen. Sci Immunol. 2019;4(33):eaau6085. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bucsics T, Lampichler K, Vierziger C, Schoder M, Wolf F, Bauer D, Simbrunner B, Hartl L, Jachs M, Scheiner B, et al. Covered transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt improves Hypersplenism-Associated cytopenia in cirrhosis. Dig Dis Sci. 2022;67(12):5693–703. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources