Could modulating the esophageal microbiome be the answer for eosinophilic esophagitis treatment?

Abstract

Introduction: The oral and esophageal microbiota are gaining recognition for their significance in managing Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE). They serve as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Areas covered: The primary goal of EoE treatment is to alleviate symptoms such as dysphagia, heartburn, nausea, and chest pain. These symptoms are often associated with dysfunction of the esophageal barrier, closely linked to the esophageal microbiota. The composition of the esophageal microbiota can be affected by pharmacological treatments, particularly proton pump inhibitors, corticosteroids, and dietary interventions suggested for EoE management. As a result, the intestinal microbiota may also be influenced by these pharmacological approaches. Emerging research points to the potential of probiotic treatments as a complementary option to pharmacological therapy in the management of EoE. Publications linking 'EoE' to 'microbiome-microbiota' from 2013 to 2025 have been considered.

Expert opinion: Further investigation into probiotics could expand the range of therapeutic options available alongside conventional treatments, potentially improving EoE remission rates, enhancing patient compliance, and reducing treatment-related side effects.

Keywords: Diet; Microbiota; Probiotics; Proton-Pump-inhibitors; gut.