Endoscopic and surgical approaches in the management of pediatric gallstone disease: A review of associated complications

Abstract

The incidence of pediatric gallstone disease has increased significantly in recent years. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard of care for symptomatic and complicated gallstone disease. In cases of choledocholithiasis, ductal clearance can be achieved with either endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE). Here we review the complications associated with each treatment modality. A clear understanding of procedure-specific risks in children is needed to inform evidence-based treatment pathways and optimize outcomes.

Keywords: Complications; Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; Intraoperative cholangiogram; Laparoscopic cholecystectomy; Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration.