. 2025 Nov 15;157(10):2092-2102.

doi: 10.1002/ijc.70009. Epub 2025 Jul 11.

Negative impact of corticosteroid use on outcome in patients with advanced BTCs treated with cisplatin, gemcitabine, and durvalumab: A large real-life worldwide population

Federica Lo Prinzi¹, Francesca Salani^{2

3}, Silvia Camera⁴, Mario Domenico Rizzato⁵, Anna Saborowski⁶, Lorenzo Antonuzzo^{7

8}, Federico Rossari⁴, Tomoyuki Satake⁹, Frederik Peeters¹⁰, Tiziana Pressiani¹¹, Jessica Lucchetti¹, Jin Won Kim¹², Oluseyi Abidoye¹³, Ilario Giovanni Rapposelli¹⁴, Chiara Gallio¹⁴, Stefano Tamberi¹⁵, Fabian Finkelmeier¹⁶, Guido Giordano^{17

18}, Pircher Chiara¹⁹, Hong Jae Chon²⁰, Chiara Braconi²¹, Aitzaz Qaisar²¹, Alessandro Pastorino²², Florian Castet²³, Emiliano Tamburini²⁴, Changhoon Yoo²⁵, Alessandro Parisi²⁶, Anna Diana²⁷, Mario Scartozzi²⁸, Gerald W Prager²⁹, Antonio Avallone³⁰, Marta Schirripa³¹, Il Hwan Kim³², Lukas Perkhofer^{33

34}, Ester Oneda³⁵, Monica Verrico³⁶, Nuno Couto³⁷, Jorge Adeva³⁸, Stephen L Chan³⁹, Gian Paolo Spinelli⁴⁰, Nicola Personeni⁴¹, Ingrid Garajova⁴², Maria Grazia Rodriquenz⁴³, Silvana Leo⁴⁴, Cecilia Melo Alvim⁴⁵, Ricardo Roque⁴⁶, Mariam Grazia Polito¹, Emanuela Di Giacomo¹, Giovanni Farinea⁴⁷, Linda Bartalini², Giada Grelli², Antonio De Rosa^{5

48}, Daniele Lavacchi⁷, Masafumi Ikeda⁹, Jeroen Dekervel¹⁰, Monica Niger¹⁹, Rita Balsano^{11

49}, Giuseppe Tonini⁵⁰, Minsu Kang¹², Giulia Tesini^{11

49}, Alessandra Boccaccino¹⁵, Vera Himmelsbach¹⁶, Matteo Landriscina^{17

18}, Selma Ahcene Djaballah⁵, Tanios Bekaii-Saab¹³, Lorenzo Fornaro², Gianluca Masi^{2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

3}, Arndt Vogel^{6

50}, Sara Lonardi⁵, Margherita Rimini⁴, Lorenza Rimassa^{11

49}, Andrea Casadei-Gardini⁴

Affiliations

¹ Operative Research Unit of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.
² Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.
³ Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
⁴ Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy.
⁵ Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
⁶ Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
⁷ Clinical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
⁸ Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
⁹ Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.
¹⁰ Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹¹ Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.
¹² Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.
¹³ Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy.
¹⁵ Medical Oncology, Santa Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna AUSL, Romagna, Italy.
¹⁶ Medical Clinic 1, Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
¹⁷ Unit of Medical Oncology and Biomolecular Therapy, Policlinico Riuniti, Foggia, Italy.
¹⁸ Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
¹⁹ Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
²⁰ Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea.
²¹ Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, CRUK, University of Glasgow (School of Cancer Sciences), Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
²² Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
²³ Gastrointestinal and Endocrine Tumor Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
²⁴ Oncology Department and Palliative Care, Cardinale Panico Tricase City Hospital, Tricase, Italy.
²⁵ ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
²⁶ Clinica Oncologica e Centro Regionale di Genetica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
²⁷ Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, Naples, Italy.
²⁸ Medical Oncology, University and University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy.
²⁹ Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University, Vienna, Austria.
³⁰ Clinical Experimental Abdominal Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy.
³¹ Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Belcolle Hospital, Viterbo, Italy.
³² Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
³³ Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
³⁴ Institute of Molecular Oncology and Stem Cell Biology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany.
³⁵ Dipartimento di Oncologia Medica, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy.
³⁶ UOC Oncologia A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
³⁷ Digestive Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Centre, Champalimaud Research Centre, Lisbon, Portugal.
³⁸ Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de octubre, Madrid, Spain.
³⁹ State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Department of Clinical Oncology, Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, Hong Kong Cancer Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
⁴⁰ UOC Oncologia Territoriale, Polo Pontino, La Sapienza Università Di Roma, Latina, Italy.
⁴¹ Medical Oncology Unit, P.O. Manerbio - ASST Garda, Brescia, Italy.
⁴² Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
⁴³ Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
⁴⁴ Division of Oncology, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy.
⁴⁵ Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal.
⁴⁶ Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
⁴⁷ Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Turin, Italy.
⁴⁸ Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
⁴⁹ Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
⁵⁰ Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy.

PMID: 40641448
PMCID: PMC12439076
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.70009

Negative impact of corticosteroid use on outcome in patients with advanced BTCs treated with cisplatin, gemcitabine, and durvalumab: A large real-life worldwide population

Federica Lo Prinzi et al. Int J Cancer. 2025.

. 2025 Nov 15;157(10):2092-2102.

doi: 10.1002/ijc.70009. Epub 2025 Jul 11.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Operative Research Unit of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.
² Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.
³ Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
⁴ Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy.
⁵ Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
⁶ Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
⁷ Clinical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
⁸ Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
⁹ Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.
¹⁰ Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹¹ Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.
¹² Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.
¹³ Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy.
¹⁵ Medical Oncology, Santa Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna AUSL, Romagna, Italy.
¹⁶ Medical Clinic 1, Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
¹⁷ Unit of Medical Oncology and Biomolecular Therapy, Policlinico Riuniti, Foggia, Italy.
¹⁸ Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
¹⁹ Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
²⁰ Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea.
²¹ Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, CRUK, University of Glasgow (School of Cancer Sciences), Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
²² Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
²³ Gastrointestinal and Endocrine Tumor Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
²⁴ Oncology Department and Palliative Care, Cardinale Panico Tricase City Hospital, Tricase, Italy.
²⁵ ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
²⁶ Clinica Oncologica e Centro Regionale di Genetica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
²⁷ Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, Naples, Italy.
²⁸ Medical Oncology, University and University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy.
²⁹ Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University, Vienna, Austria.
³⁰ Clinical Experimental Abdominal Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy.
³¹ Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Belcolle Hospital, Viterbo, Italy.
³² Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
³³ Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
³⁴ Institute of Molecular Oncology and Stem Cell Biology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany.
³⁵ Dipartimento di Oncologia Medica, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy.
³⁶ UOC Oncologia A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
³⁷ Digestive Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Centre, Champalimaud Research Centre, Lisbon, Portugal.
³⁸ Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de octubre, Madrid, Spain.
³⁹ State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Department of Clinical Oncology, Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, Hong Kong Cancer Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
⁴⁰ UOC Oncologia Territoriale, Polo Pontino, La Sapienza Università Di Roma, Latina, Italy.
⁴¹ Medical Oncology Unit, P.O. Manerbio - ASST Garda, Brescia, Italy.
⁴² Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
⁴³ Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
⁴⁴ Division of Oncology, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy.
⁴⁵ Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal.
⁴⁶ Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
⁴⁷ Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Turin, Italy.
⁴⁸ Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
⁴⁹ Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
⁵⁰ Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy.

PMID: 40641448
PMCID: PMC12439076
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.70009

Abstract

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the possible prognostic impact of concomitant medications in patients with cancer treated with immunotherapy combinations. This real-world analysis aims to evaluate the impact of concomitant medications on survival outcomes in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTCs) treated with cisplatin, gemcitabine and durvalumab (CGD) therapy. The study cohort included patients with a diagnosis of advanced BTCs who were taking concomitant medications for their comorbidities before the start of CGD. The primary objectives were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The initial population consisted of 666 patients, who were retrospectively collected from 41 sites in 12 countries. Data on concomitant medications were available for 493 patients. After a median follow-up of 8.8 months (95% CI: 7.8-9.8), patients who did not take steroids (prednisone >10 mg/day or equivalent) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids, before the start of CGD, had longer OS and PFS in univariate analysis. The multivariate analysis confirmed longer OS for patients who did not take steroids. Patients who did not take steroids had an OS of 14.8 months (95% CI: 13.1-29.1) versus 5.0 months (95% CI: 2.14-11.32) of patients who took prednisone >10 mg/day or equivalent. No differences were reported in terms of overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) (p = 1.0 and p = .16, respectively), and safety profile between the two groups. Our analysis suggests that patients who did not receive steroids before the start of GCD had longer survival and highlighted the relevance of balancing concomitant medications and chemoimmunotherapy.

Keywords: biliary tract cancers; cisplatin, gemcitabine, and durvalumab; concomitant medications.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

LR received consulting fees from AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Basilea, Bayer, BMS, Eisai, Elevar Therapeutics, Exelixis, Genenta, Hengrui, Incyte, Ipsen, IQVIA, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, MSD, Nerviano Medical Sciences, Roche, Servier, Taiho Oncology, Zymeworks; lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Guerbet, Incyte, Ipsen, Roche, Servier; travel expenses from AstraZeneca; research grants (to Institution) from AbbVie, Agios, AstraZeneca, BeiGene, Eisai, Exelixis, Fibrogen, Incyte, Ipsen, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Lilly, MSD, Nerviano Medical Sciences, Roche, Servier, Taiho Oncology, TransThera Sciences, Zymeworks.

ACG reports consulting fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Eisai, Incyte, Ipsen, IQVIA, MSD, Roche, Servier; lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Eisai, Incyte, Ipsen, Roche, Servier; travel expenses from AstraZeneca; research grants (to Institution) from AstraZeneca, Eisai.

SLC serves as an advisory member for AstraZeneca, MSD, Eisai, BMS, Ipsen, and Hengrui, received research funds from MSD, Eisai, Ipsen, SIRTEX, and Zailab, and honoraria from AstraZeneca, Eisai, Roche, Ipsen, and MSD.

TP received consulting fees from Bayer, Ipsen, and AstraZeneca; institutional research funding from Roche, Bayer, and AstraZeneca; travel expenses from Roche.

CB received honoraria as speaker (Astrazeneca, Incyte, Servier) and consultant (Incyte, Servier, Boehringer Ingelheim, Astrazeneca, Tahio, Jazz), received research funds (Avacta, Medannex, Servier) and her spouse is an employee of Astrazeneca.

M. Ikeda reports honoraria from AstraZeneca, Chugai Pharma, Eisai, Incyte, Lilly Japan, MSD, Novartis, Ono Pharmaceutical, Takeda, Teijin Pharma, Nihon Servier, Taiho and research funding from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Chiome Bioscience, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly Japan, Delta‐Fly Pharma, Invitae, J‐Pharma, Merck biopharma, Merus N.V., MSD, Novartis, Nihon Servier, Ono, Syneos Health, and Rakuten Medical.

GWP: Advisories and/or Speaker fees: Servier, Bayer, Roche, Amgen, Merck, MSD, BMS, Sanofi, Lilly, Astra Zeneca, Astellas, Pierre‐Fabre, Incyte, Arcus, CECOG.

F. F. has received travel support from Ipsen, AbbVie, AstraZeneca, and speaker's fees from AbbVie, MSD, Ipsen, AstraZeneca.

LP: Advisory role: AstraZeneca, Servier, Travel expenses: AstraZeneca, Ipsen.

GG: Consulting Fees: Astra Zeneca, MSD, Servier, Seagen, Bayer, Amgen, Novartis, Ipsen, BMS.

Travel Expenses: Astra Zeneca, Servier, Bayer, Novartis.

S. Leo reports research funding (to Institution) from Amgen, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Hutchinson, Incyte, Merck Serono, Mirati, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, Servier; personal honoraria as invited speaker from Amgen, Astra Zeneca, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Incyte, GSK, Lilly, Merck Serono, MSD, Pierre‐Fabre, Roche, Servier; participation in advisory board for Amgen, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, GSK, Incyte, Lilly, Merck Serono, MSD, Servier, Takeda, Rottapharm.

JD received consulting fees and/or speaker honoraria from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Eisai, Need Inc., Ipsen, Lilly, MediMix, Merck, MSD, Novartis, Roche, and Servier.

JA received consulting fees from AstraZeneca, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, MSD, Roche, Servier, Taiho Oncology, Zymeworks; lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Roche, Servier; travel expenses from AstraZeneca, Roche, Servier.

AD Advisory Board: Amgen, Gentili, Invited Speaker: Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Gentili, Amgen, Daiichi‐Sankyo, Roche, Gilead, Travel Support: Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Ipsen, Gentili, Gilead, Editorial Collaboration: ACCMED.

GPS received advisory role/travel from Bayer, Roche, J&J, MSD, and Novartis.

MDR received honoraria as a speaker from Astrazeneca.

FC received speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Eisai, OncoSil, Roche, Rovi, and Servier and travel and accommodation from Roche and Servier.

MN received travel expenses from AstraZeneca, speaker honorarium from Accademia della Medicina, Incyte, and Servier; honoraria from Sandoz, Medpoint SRL, Incyte, AstraZeneca, and Servier for editorial collaboration. Consultant; honoraria from EMD Serono, Basilea Pharmaceutica, Incyte, MSD Italia, Servier, AstraZeneca and Taiho.

All remaining authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Figures

**FIGURE 1**
(A) Kaplan–Meier curves of OS in patients who did not take steroids and who did take steroids at a dose greater than 10 mg of prednisone daily or equivalent. (B) Kaplan–Meier curves of PFS in patients who did not take steroids and who did take steroids at a dose greater than 10 mg of prednisone daily or equivalent.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

1. Vogel A, Bridgewater J, Edeline J, et al. Biliary tract cancer: ESMO clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow‐up. Ann Oncol. 2022;34(2):127‐140. - PubMed
1. Vogel A, Ducreux M. ESMO clinical practice guideline interim update on the management of biliary tract cancer. ESMO Open. 2024;9(8):103647. doi: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.103647 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Rimini M, Puzzoni M, Pedica F, et al. Cholangiocarcinoma: new perspectives for new horizons. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;15(12):1367‐1383. - PubMed
1. Bertuccio P, Malvezzi M, Carioli G, et al. Global trends in mortality from intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Hepatol. 2019;71(1):104‐114. - PubMed
1. Lo Prinzi F, Salani F, Rimini M, et al. Efficacy of cisplatin, gemcitabine and durvalumab in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer experiencing early vs late disease relapse after surgery: a large real‐life worldwide population. Oncologist. 2023;12(15):17588359231171574. doi: 10.1177/17588359231171574 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

Substances

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
Medical
- MedlinePlus Health Information

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Negative impact of corticosteroid use on outcome in patients with advanced BTCs treated with cisplatin, gemcitabine, and durvalumab: A large real-life worldwide population

Affiliations

Negative impact of corticosteroid use on outcome in patients with advanced BTCs treated with cisplatin, gemcitabine, and durvalumab: A large real-life worldwide population

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

References

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical