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. 2025 Jun 26:16:1620907.
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1620907. eCollection 2025.

Characterization of bla NDM-5-carrying plasmids in two clinical Salmonella isolates from Jiaxing city, China

Ping Li #  1 , Yongjuan Yuan #  2 , Yong Yan  1 , Miaomiao Jia  1 , Lei Gao  1 , Xuejuan Liu  1 , Yangming Sun  1 , Guoying Zhu  1 , Zhongwen Chen  1
Affiliations

Characterization of bla NDM-5-carrying plasmids in two clinical Salmonella isolates from Jiaxing city, China

Ping Li et al. Front Microbiol. .

Abstract

Introduction: Salmonella is an important cause of foodborne diarrheal diseases worldwide. The emergence of bla NDM-positive carbapenem-resistant Salmonella enterica isolates in recent years poses a huge public health challenge.

Methods: In this study, two clinical S. enterica isolates carrying bla NDM-5: a serotype 4,[5],12:i:- strain (2023JX045) and a serovar Stanley strain (2024-406) were analyzed using antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing.

Results: Both isolates were multidrug resistant, with insusceptibility to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime, ceftiofur, cefazolin, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem, imipenem, ertapenem, tetracycline, gentamicin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, florfenicol, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, colistin, and polymixin B. The bla NDM-5-carrying plasmids in 2023JX045 and 2024-406 were named p23045-NDM5 and p2024406-NDM5, respectively, with both belonging to the incompatibility (Inc)HI2/IncHI2A group and sequence type ST3. In 2023JX045, bla NDM-5 was flanked by two same-oriented copies of IS26 elements (IS26-dsbC-trpF-ble MBL-bla NDM-5-IS5-ΔIS3000-ΔISKox3-umuC-umuD-IS26). In 2024-406, p2024406-NDM5 was found to carry two copies of bla NDM-5, possibly resulting from duplication of IS26-dsbC-trpF-ble MBL-bla NDM-5-IS5-ΔISAba125-ΔIS3000-ΔISKox3-umuC-umuD-IS26 and interrupted by mobile element IS1 at the upstream region of ΔIS3000.

Discussion: This is the first report to describe the presence of two bla NDM-5 copies on an IncHI2/IncHI2A plasmid carried by serovar Stanley, as well as the dissemination of bla NDM-5 in Salmonella in Jiaxing City, China. IS26-flanked composite transposons appeared to play an important role in the formation of this region. The dissemination of blaNDM in Salmonella isolates and the complexity of the bla NDM-5 region highlight the urgent need to monitor carbapenem-resistant S. enterica.

Keywords: IS26 unit; IncHI2/IncHI2A; blaNDM–5; carbapenem-resistant; non-typhoidal Salmonella.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Schematic representation and comparison of the genetic environments of the blaNDM-flanking region in p23045-NDM5 and p2024406-NDM5 recovered from this study. Arrows indicate the direction of transcription of each gene. Numbers in brackets indicate nucleotide positions within corresponding plasmid sequences.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Phylogenetic tree of p23045-NDM5 and p2024406-NDM5 and 29 screened blaNDM-carrying plasmid of Salmonella isolates from GenBank.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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