Unlocking Relief: Insights into Physiotherapy-Led Spinal Telehealth in Correctional Facilities

Abstract

The global prison population has increased by 32% since 2000, driving higher demand for health care services within correctional facilities. Musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent among incarcerated people, with 52% diagnosed with chronic conditions. In-person treatments outside facility walls incur high costs and are further hindered by stigma. Telehealth services for musculoskeletal care offer a promising alternative to improve access, reduce costs, and enhance care quality. This article explores the impact and perspectives of physiotherapy-led telehealth consultations for spinal disorders in correctional facilities. A qualitative descriptive methodology was employed, using semistructured interviews with seven nurses from varying professional levels who supported telehealth consultations led by advanced practice physiotherapists. Four key themes emerged as follows: (1) on-site staff involvement in telehealth; (2) positive impacts of physiotherapy-led spinal telehealth; (3) perspectives on the telehealth approach; and (4) suggested improvements. Positive impacts included reduced anxiety and stigma, prevention of condition exacerbation, empowerment of incarcerated individuals, optimized resource allocation, and enhanced clinician care. Challenges highlighted the need for technological improvements. Physiotherapy-led telehealth improves health care quality and access to specialized services in correctional facilities, reducing health care inequalities and fostering multidisciplinary collaboration between nurses and physiotherapists.

Keywords: advance practice physiotherapist; musculoskeletal; physiotherapy; prison health care; spinal disorders; telehealth.