Characteristics of frailty prevention interventions addressed to robust and pre-frail older adults: A scope review

Abstract

Introduction: This scoping review aimed to map studies and interventions focused on the prevention of frailty among robust and pre-frail older adults, as described in the literature from 2018 to 2023, and to identify which strategies are currently being implemented or recommended.

Methods: Five databases were searched for articles and reviews published between 2018 and 2023, in English, Portuguese, and Spanish. Only full-text studies were included. Additionally, gray literature was explored through a supplementary search.

Results: A total of 3416 records were initially identified, of which 19 studies met the inclusion criteria.

Conclusion: The review highlights the effectiveness of multicomponent interventions. The inclusion of educational components suggests a growing emphasis on comprehensive strategies that address physical, nutritional, and psychosocial domains. These findings underscore the importance of early, personalized interventions during the transition from robustness to pre-frailty, with the goal of enhancing functional capacity and preventing the progression to frailty.

Keywords: Aging population; Community-dwelling seniors; Exercise interventions; Geriatric health; Health education; Preventive care.