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Review
. 2025 Jun 29;15(13):1920.
doi: 10.3390/ani15131920.

Exploration of Multi-Source Lignocellulose-Degrading Microbial Resources and Bioaugmentation Strategies: Implications for Rumen Efficiency

Xiaokang Lv  1 , Zhanhong Qiao  1 , Chao Chen  1 , Jinling Hua  1 , Chuanshe Zhou  2
Affiliations
Review

Exploration of Multi-Source Lignocellulose-Degrading Microbial Resources and Bioaugmentation Strategies: Implications for Rumen Efficiency

Xiaokang Lv et al. Animals (Basel). .

Abstract

Utilizing straw feed is an effective strategy to optimize straw resource utilization by incorporating microbial degradation agents to expedite lignocellulose breakdown and enhance feed efficiency. Lignocellulose-degrading species and microbial communities are present in various Earth ecosystems, including the rumen of ruminants, insect digestive tracts, forest soil, and microbial populations in papermaking processes. The rumen of ruminants harbors a diverse range of microbial species, making it a promising source of lignocellulose-degrading microorganisms. Exploring alternative systems like insect intestines and forest soil is essential for future research. Current studies primarily rely on traditional microbial isolation techniques to identify lignocellulose-degrading strains, underscoring the necessity to transition to utilizing microbial culturomics and genome-editing technologies for discovering and manipulating cellulose-degrading microbes. This review provides an overview of lignocellulose-degrading microbial communities from diverse environments, encompassing bacterial and fungal populations. It also delves into the use of metagenomic, metatranscriptomic, and metaproteomic approaches to pinpoint highly efficient cellulase genes, along with the application of genome-editing tools for engineering lignocellulose-degrading microorganisms. The primary objective of this review is to offer insights for further exploration of potential lignocellulose-degrading microbial resources and high-performance cellulase genes to enhance roughage utilization in ruminant rumen ecosystems.

Keywords: cellulase; gene editing technology; lignocellulose degrading bacteria; metagenomics; rumen microorganisms.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Database of insect gut cellulose-degrading bacteria (generated by bioRender).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cellulose-degrading bacteria from rumen of ruminants—potential resources for the future (generated by bioRender).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cellulose-degrading bacteria from different sources (extreme environmental adaptability) (generated by bioRender).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Multi-omics and gene editing methods for mining and modifying cellulose-degrading bacteria and enzymes (generated by bioRender).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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