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. 2025 Apr 15;49(3):336-345.
doi: 10.55730/1300-0527.3733. eCollection 2025.

Dispersive micro solid phase extraction of cadmium on MIL-53(Al)@BaTiO3 nanocomposite from seafood samples

Mustafa Soylak  1   2   3 , Eda Bora  1   2 , Furkan Uzcan  1   2
Affiliations

Dispersive micro solid phase extraction of cadmium on MIL-53(Al)@BaTiO3 nanocomposite from seafood samples

Mustafa Soylak et al. Turk J Chem. .

Abstract

This study's main goal was to produce a user-friendly dispersive micro solid phase extraction (dmSPE) technique with a MIL-53(Al)@BaTiO3 nanocomposite for the extraction and preconcentration of cadmium (Cd) in various seafood matrices, followed by using high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-FAAS). The MIL-53(Al)@BaTiO3 nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized using a range of techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. The dmSPE technique involved the dispersion of the MIL-53(Al)@BaTiO3 material in the sample solution, followed by its separation from the sample matrix. The optimized method exhibited a linear range of 3.6-250 μg L-1, a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.2 μg L-1, and a preconcentration factor of 80. Two different certified reference materials were used to ensure the validation of developed method. The method was applied to different seafood samples.

Keywords: Cadmium; micro solid phase extraction; nanocomposite; seafoods.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Characterization of the MIL-53(Al)@BaTiO3 nanocomposite: (a, b) Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and (c, d) Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) images illustrating the surface morphology and structural features of the nanocomposite; (e) Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectra highlighting the functional groups and chemical bonding within the composite; (f) X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) spectra confirming the crystalline phases and structural integrity of the MIL-53(Al)@BaTiO3 nanocomposite.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a–f). The results of the optimization studies (pH, adsorbent amount, HNO3 concentration, adsorption time, desorption time and sample volume respectively). The dmSPE conditions were as follows: 40 mL sample solution containing Cd(II) (2.5 μg L−1); pH 5.0; 0.5 mL of 1.5 mol L−1 HNO3; 30 mg of MIL-53(Al)@BaTiO3 nanocomposite, n = 3.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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