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Comment
. 2025 Jul 22;122(29):e2513877122.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.2513877122. Epub 2025 Jul 14.

Growing recognition of post-acute infection syndromes

Anthony L Komaroff  1
Affiliations
Comment

Growing recognition of post-acute infection syndromes

Anthony L Komaroff. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. .
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests statement:The author declares no competing interest.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Three categories of infection-associated chronic illnesses (IACIs). The PAIS are characterized by a group of symptoms—fatigue, cognitive impairment (“brain fog”), postexertional malaise, unrefreshing sleep, orthostatic intolerance, and others—that develop following an acute infection, and persist for months or years. Long COVID is a PAIS, and ME/CFS likely is a PAIS when it occurs following an infectious-like clinical illness, even though the triggering infectious agent may not have been identified. ME/CFS and long COVID have similar multiple underlying biological abnormalities.
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