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. 2025 May 27;5(5):100387.
doi: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2025.100387. eCollection 2025 Sep.

Evaluating the Associations between Dietary Vitamin Intake and Atopic Dermatitis: A Regional Cross-Sequential Study among Singapore and Malaysia Young Chinese Adults

Jun Jie Lim  1 , Kavita Reginald  1   2 , Yee-How Say  1   2   3 , Mei Hui Liu  4 , Fook Tim Chew  1
Affiliations

Evaluating the Associations between Dietary Vitamin Intake and Atopic Dermatitis: A Regional Cross-Sequential Study among Singapore and Malaysia Young Chinese Adults

Jun Jie Lim et al. JID Innov. .

Abstract

This study demonstrates that naturally derived vitamins, estimated from whole foods in the diets of young Chinese adults from Singapore and Malaysia, are associated with atopic dermatitis (AD). Higher intake of vitamins E, K1, C, B2, and D was associated with lower odds of AD. The protective effect of vitamin C was not confounded by smoking and enhanced by higher fruit intake. These findings underscore the potential role of dietary vitamins in mitigating AD risk and support further research into whole-food-based dietary strategies for AD management.

Keywords: Atopic dermatitis; Eczema; Epidemiology; Inflammatory skin diseases; Public health research.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
OR plot depicting the association between dietary vitamin intake and atopic dermatitis among young Chinese adults from Singapore and Malaysia. Statistical significance is indicated as P < .05, with P-values adjusted for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate. Multivariable logistic regression models were adjusted for age (years), sex, body mass index (Asian classification), parental atopic diseases, alcohol intake, income categories, and physical activity. For fat-soluble vitamins (D, E, and K1), total fat intake (g/serving/week) was additionally controlled for. Smoking was adjusted for in the analyses of vitamin C, whereas total energy intake (kcal/serving/week) was adjusted for in the analysis of vitamin B2. The dotted vertical line represents the reference line at aOR of 1.00. aOR, adjusted OR; CI, confidence interval; REF, reference.
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