Gastroschisis - current options for prenatal diagnosis and subsequent management

Abstract

Gastroschisis is a congenital abdominal wall defect characterized by the eventration of bowel loops through a right-sided paraumbilical opening. Prenatal detection of gastroschisis is generally straightforward due to advanced ultrasound techniques, and it is essential for optimizing both prenatal care and subsequent management. The prognosis for this condition is generally favorable, with positive long-term outcomes for most children. However, 10-15% of cases may follow a complicated course with an elevated risk of neonatal mortality or significant morbidity. Early detection enables effective monitoring of fetal development, risk assessment for potential complications, and risk minimization by planning childbirth at a tertiary center equipped with intensive neonatal care and the possibility of prompt surgical intervention.

Keywords: Prognosis; abdominal wall defects; gastroschisis; heart failure; omphalocele; prenatal diagnosis; ultrasound diagnosis.