Multidisciplinary Surgical Management of Concurrent Traumatic Brain and Abdominal Injuries: A Systematic Review of Integrated Care Approaches and Clinical Outcomes

Abstract

This systematic review explores the impact of multidisciplinary surgical management on clinical outcomes in patients with concurrent traumatic brain and abdominal injuries, two of the most life-threatening forms of polytrauma. By analyzing evidence from recent observational studies, expert consensus, and systematic reviews, this study highlights the clinical relevance of coordinated multidisciplinary care. The available evidence, though limited, suggests that early and integrated surgical intervention may improve survival rates, reduce ICU admissions and length of stay, and enhance neurological recovery. This review provides a focused evaluation of the existing literature, emphasizing the clinical relevance of structured, team-based approaches in managing the complex pathophysiology and treatment priorities of patients with dual traumatic insults. The study also identifies current gaps in evidence and calls for further prospective research to establish standardized protocols and improve trauma system responsiveness. Out of the total screened studies, four met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final synthesis (n = 4). The results support a shift toward multidisciplinary trauma care models as a foundational strategy for improving outcomes in complex trauma cases.

Keywords: abdominal trauma; icu management; integrated care; multidisciplinary surgery; polytrauma; surgical outcomes; trauma team; traumatic brain injury.

Figure 1. The study selection process adhered to PRISMA guidelines

PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; Embase: Excerpta Medica database