Meeting the needs of rural populations through a nurse practitioner-led integrated care program for student health

Abstract

Background: Mental health disorders, particularly anxiety and depression, disproportionately affect young adults, creating significant barriers to academic success. Access to mental health care remains a critical challenge in rural university settings. Nurse practitioner (NP)-led integrated care programs (ICPs) offer a potential solution by integrating behavioral health into primary care to provide timely, accessible, and holistic care.

Purpose: This study examines the implementation and outcomes of a NP-led ICP aimed at addressing mental health challenges among college students in a rural university setting.

Methodology: Over a 9-month period, 61 students participated in the ICP. The program used validated screening tools, including the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), to assess and monitor depression and anxiety severity. Data on program outcomes were collected through these assessments, provider collaboration reviews, and satisfaction surveys.

Results: Participants demonstrated significant reductions in depression and anxiety severity, as measured by PHQ-9 and GAD-7 tools. Key findings included improved access to care, enhanced collaboration among providers, and high satisfaction rates among students and staff. However, challenges related to role clarity and the fit of behavioral health providers highlighted the need for targeted training and supervision.

Conclusions: The study demonstrates that integrated care models can be successfully adapted to rural university environments, leading to improved mental health outcomes for college students.

Implications: The findings support the broader application of ICPs in similar settings. Future work will focus on extending the program into surrounding communities to sustain and expand its impact.

Keywords: Counseling; integrated care; mental health; nurse practitioner.