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. 2025 Jul 18.
doi: 10.1111/ger.70007. Online ahead of print.

Effectiveness of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Training Modules for Geriatric Oral Care in a Residential Aged Care Facility: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Kuei-Hsiang Huang  1   2 , Pei-Chen Lin  3   4   5 , Hsiu-Fen Hsieh  2   5 , Yi-Ching Lin  6 , Hsiao-Lin Huang  3   4   5 , Shu-Fen Wung  7 , Pei-Chao Lin  2   4   5   8   9
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Effectiveness of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Training Modules for Geriatric Oral Care in a Residential Aged Care Facility: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Kuei-Hsiang Huang et al. Gerodontology. .

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) geriatric oral care modules with traditional teaching methods for training nurses, nursing assistants (NAs), and residents in a residential aged care facility (RACF).

Background: VR/AR geriatric oral care modules have been used to enhance the knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy of nursing students and NAs regarding geriatric oral health.

Materials and methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design. The experimental group, consisting of nurses and NAs, received training through VR/AR geriatric oral care modules, whereas the control group attended a traditional 2-h lecture on oral care. The effectiveness of the training in terms of knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy related to geriatric oral care among nurses and NAs was analysed using generalised estimating equations.

Results: Three months after the training, the oral care attitude scores of the nurses and NAs in the experimental group (26.0 ± 1.3) were significantly higher than those in the control group (23.5 ± 2.4, β = -3.7). The two training methods showed similar effects on knowledge and self-efficacy immediately after the training and 3 months later. However, no improvement in oral function was observed in residents of either group at the three-month follow-up.

Conclusion: Training with VR/AR modules for geriatric oral care can significantly enhance the attitudes of nurses and NAs 3 months after training in an RACF. It is recommended that such training be conducted regularly for nurses and NAs to further evaluate its effectiveness.

Keywords: augmented reality; older adult care; oral hygiene; residential facilities; virtual reality.

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