ICD-10 Diagnostic Coding Patterns and Clinical Correlates in Refractory Chronic Cough: Analysis from the Korean Chronic Cough Registry

Min-Hye Shin¹, Young-Jae Lee², Kyung Eun Park², Yeonhee Kim³, Ha-Kyeong Won⁴, Kyung-Min Ahn⁵, Ji-Su Shim⁵, Min-Hye Kim⁵, Jin An⁶, Jiung Jeong⁷, Young-Chan Kim⁸, Hwa Young Lee⁹, Sung-Yoon Kang¹⁰, Han-Ki Park¹¹, Eun-Jung Jo¹², Seung-Eun Lee^{12

13}, So Ri Kim¹⁴, Yoon-Seok Chang¹⁵, Byung-Jae Lee¹⁶, Alyn H Morice¹⁷, Woo-Jung Song¹⁸; Korean Chronic Cough Registry Investigators

Collaborators, Affiliations

Collaborators

Korean Chronic Cough Registry Investigators:
Surinder S Birring, Sang-Heon Cho, Noeul Kang, Byung-Keun Kim, Mi-Yeong Kim, Sae-Hoon Kim, Sang-Heon Kim, Sang-Hoon Kim, Hyouk-Soo Kwon, Ji-Ho Lee, Ji-Hyang Lee, Ji-Yong Moon, Alyn H Morice, Ji-Yoon Oh, So-Young Park, Youngsang Yoo

Affiliations

¹ Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
² University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
³ Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
⁴ Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
⁶ Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
⁷ Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
⁸ Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
⁹ Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
¹⁰ Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
¹¹ Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
¹² Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
¹³ Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
¹⁴ Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
¹⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
¹⁶ Division of Allergy, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
¹⁷ Department of Academic Respiratory Medicine, Centre for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, Cottingham, UK.
¹⁸ Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea. swj0126@amc.seoul.kr.

PMID: 40684403
DOI: 10.1007/s00408-025-00836-0

ICD-10 Diagnostic Coding Patterns and Clinical Correlates in Refractory Chronic Cough: Analysis from the Korean Chronic Cough Registry

Min-Hye Shin et al. Lung. 2025.

. 2025 Jul 20;203(1):81.

doi: 10.1007/s00408-025-00836-0.

Authors

Collaborators

Korean Chronic Cough Registry Investigators:
Surinder S Birring, Sang-Heon Cho, Noeul Kang, Byung-Keun Kim, Mi-Yeong Kim, Sae-Hoon Kim, Sang-Heon Kim, Sang-Hoon Kim, Hyouk-Soo Kwon, Ji-Ho Lee, Ji-Hyang Lee, Ji-Yong Moon, Alyn H Morice, Ji-Yoon Oh, So-Young Park, Youngsang Yoo

Affiliations

¹ Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
² University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
³ Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
⁴ Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
⁶ Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
⁷ Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
⁸ Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
⁹ Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
¹⁰ Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
¹¹ Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
¹² Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
¹³ Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
¹⁴ Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
¹⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
¹⁶ Division of Allergy, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
¹⁷ Department of Academic Respiratory Medicine, Centre for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, Cottingham, UK.
¹⁸ Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea. swj0126@amc.seoul.kr.

PMID: 40684403
DOI: 10.1007/s00408-025-00836-0

Abstract

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) system plays a key role in health data classification but currently lacks a specific code for refractory chronic cough (RCC). This study analyzed ICD-10 coding patterns among 331 RCC patients enrolled in the Korean Chronic Cough Registry. Each patient had a median of 3 [IQR: 2-4] ICD-10 codes at their most recent outpatient visit. The most frequently assigned primary code was R05 (Cough), recorded in 80.4% of cases. Patients with R05 as their primary code tended to have fewer identifiable etiologies but reported more cough hypersensitivity symptoms. Additionally, the number of ICD-10 codes correlated with both cough severity and cough-specific quality-of-life impairment. In a pooled analysis including RCC and non-RCC cases, the R05 code showed high specificity (80.5%) but low sensitivity (25.8%) for RCC. These findings support the need for a dedicated ICD code to accurately capture RCC in clinical and epidemiological contexts.

Keywords: Cough reflex hypersensitivity; Disease classification; ICD-10 coding; Refractory chronic cough.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Conflict of interest: AHM has received consulting fees from Bayer, Bellus, GSK, Merck, NeRRe, Shionogi, and Trevi; lecture fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck, and Chiesi; and grant support from Bayer, Bellus, GSK, Merck, Nocion, Philips, NeRRe, Shionogi, and Trevi. He is a founder and CEO of Tussogenics Ltd. WJS declares grants from Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Daewoong Pharmaceutical, and AstraZeneca, consulting fees from Merck, Bellus, AstraZeneca, Shionogi, and GSK, and lecture fees from Thermo Fischer/Immunotek, Celltrion, Merck, AstraZeneca, GSK, Sanofi, and Novartis. Other authors have none to declare.

References

1. Song WJ, Chang YS, Faruqi S, Kim JY, Kang MG, Kim S, Jo EJ, Kim MH, Plevkova J, Park HW, Cho SH, Morice AH (2015) The global epidemiology of chronic cough in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir J 45(5):1479–1481 - PubMed
1. French CL, Irwin RS, Curley FJ, Krikorian CJ (1998) Impact of chronic cough on quality of life. Arch Intern Med 158(15):1657–1661 - PubMed
1. Birring SS, Prudon B, Carr AJ, Singh SJ, Morgan MD, Pavord ID (2003) Development of a symptom specific health status measure for patients with chronic cough: Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ). Thorax 58(4):339–343 - PubMed - PMC
1. Morice AH, Millqvist E, Bieksiene K et al (2020) ERS guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough in adults and children. Eur Respir J 55(1):1901136
1. McGarvey L, Gibson PG (2019) What is chronic cough? Terminology. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 7(6):1711–1714 - PubMed

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ICD-10 Diagnostic Coding Patterns and Clinical Correlates in Refractory Chronic Cough: Analysis from the Korean Chronic Cough Registry

Collaborators

Affiliations

ICD-10 Diagnostic Coding Patterns and Clinical Correlates in Refractory Chronic Cough: Analysis from the Korean Chronic Cough Registry

Authors

Collaborators

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

References

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical