Mental Health Challenges Among Doctors in India: A Scoping Review of Existing Research

Abstract

Purpose of the review: The mental health of doctors in India is a growing public health concern due to its impact on healthcare delivery, patient outcomes, and professional fulfillment. There is a lack of comprehensive synthesis of the existing literature; hence, this scoping review was conducted. The objective of this review was to map and synthesize the literature on the mental health challenges doctors face in India and to provide a comprehensive overview of key issues.

Collection and analysis of data: A detailed literature search was conducted across PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, covering studies from 2000 to 2024. Data extraction included the sample size, population characteristics, mental health issues investigated, study focus, and key findings. A descriptive synthesis and thematic analysis were performed. This review included 122 studies predominantly conducted across India. More than half of the surveyed doctors exhibited significant levels of depression and anxiety, often linked to long working hours, inadequate rest, and high occupational demands. Lifestyle disorders, including inadequate sleep, poor physical activity, and unhealthy diets, were prevalent and exacerbated stress. Work-life balance was achieved by only 25% of doctors, with gender disparities placing additional burdens on females. Higher emotional intelligence correlated with better professional and life satisfaction. Organizational stressors, including resource shortages and workplace conflicts, contributed to burnout, with rates varying across specialties.

Conclusions: Indian doctors face mental health challenges due to professional pressures, work-life imbalance, gender disparities, and resilience issues. Systemic interventions are urgently needed, including mental health support systems and emotional intelligence training.

Keywords: India; Mental health issue; doctors; medical practitioners; occupational well-being; psychological health issue.

Figure 1.. PRISMA Flow.

PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses.