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. 2025 Jul 4:16:1624925.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1624925. eCollection 2025.

Logistic regression analysis of pregnancy outcome and EFI score of infertile patients with ovarian endometriosis cyst after staged oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine

Yali Bo  1 , Shaochan Peng  1 , Jiawen Su  1 , Dunmin Ye  1
Affiliations

Logistic regression analysis of pregnancy outcome and EFI score of infertile patients with ovarian endometriosis cyst after staged oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine

Yali Bo et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Background: Ovarian endometriosis cysts are associated with infertility, and recent research increasingly focuses on improving pregnancy outcomes. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has long been used for gynecological issues, yet the impact of staged TCM administration on pregnancy outcomes and Endometriosis Fertility Index (EFI) scores in infertile patients remains underexplored.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of staged TCM administration on pregnancy outcomes and EFI scores in patients with ovarian endometriosis cysts.

Method: A retrospective analysis of 150 infertile patients treated with staged TCM administration was conducted. Patients received Formula I before ovulation and Formula II post-ovulation, with the cohort split into pregnancy (n=91) and non-pregnancy groups (n=49). All patients underwent laparoscopic surgery prior to TCM treatment. Logistic regression and ROC analysis were used to assess pregnancy predictors.

Results: Significant differences in age, infertility type, infertility duration, r-AFS stage, cyst diameter, and EFI score (P<0.05) were found. Age, secondary infertility, infertility duration (≥3 years), advanced r-AFS stage, cyst diameter (≥3cm), and EFI score (<7) were key risk factors. The EFI score's AUC for predicting pregnancy was 0.731 (95%CI, 0.617-0.844), with 72.58% sensitivity and 75.83% specificity. No significant difference in follow-up duration was observed between the groups.

Conclusion: Age, secondary infertility, infertility duration (≥ 3 years), r-AFS stage (stages III and IV), cyst diameter (≥ 3cm), and EFI score (< 7) were identified as risk factors for infertility in patients with ovarian endometriosis following a two-phase staged oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine. Among these factors, the EFI score can serve as a crucial evaluation index for postoperative pregnancy, assessing the likelihood of pregnancy and predicting patient prognosis.

Keywords: EFI score; infertility risk factors; ovarian endometriosis cyst; pregnancy outcome; staged oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of study design.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Screening of LASSO regression variables. (a) LASSO coefficient profiles of the variables plotted against log(λ). (b) Ten-fold cross-validation for tuning parameter selection in the LASSO model. Dotted vertical lines indicate the optimal log(λ) value corresponding to the minimum mean squared error.
Figure 3
Figure 3
EFI score predicts ROC curve of pregnancy outcome.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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