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Review
. 2025 Jul 9:33:102064.
doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102064. eCollection 2025 Aug.

Biological applications of graphene-based nanomaterials in neurodegenerative diseases

Rong-Kun Zhu  1 , Jun Shi  1 , Hong-Jian Zhou  1 , Ling Ge  1 , Wen-Hao Yin  1 , Hui Zeng  2 , Xiong-Wei Wang  1
Affiliations
Review

Biological applications of graphene-based nanomaterials in neurodegenerative diseases

Rong-Kun Zhu et al. Mater Today Bio. .

Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) have become a major challenge in global public health due to neurotoxicity caused by progressive neuronal degeneration and abnormal protein aggregation, which has attracted widespread attention. Graphene-based nanomaterials provide innovative solutions for the early diagnosis and precise treatment of NDDs by virtue of their ultra-high conductivity, large specific surface area and multifunctional properties. In this paper, we systematically discuss the key applications of these materials in the diagnosis and treatment of NDDs, and deeply analyze the technological breakthroughs and clinical translation challenges. The core of this paper is to illustrate that graphene-based nanomaterials are expected to reshape the paradigm of NDDs diagnosis and treatment through cross-scale technological innovations, promoting the synergistic development of early diagnosis, personalized treatment and real-time monitoring, and providing a transformative strategy for overcoming NDDs.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Graphene-based nanomaterials; Neurodegenerative diseases; Parkinson's disease.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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