Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of a rare fungal species Mutinus fleischeri Penz

Abstract

The complete mitochondrial genome of Mutinus fleischeri Penz 1899, a rare fungal species of Phallales, was sequenced, assembled and annotated in this study. The mitochondrial genome of M. fleischeri was assembled as a circular DNA molecule with a length of 113,076 base pairs (bp). It encodes 47 protein-coding genes and 24 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. The nucleotide composition of the M. fleischeri mitochondrial genome is as follows: adenine (A: 38.59%), thymine (T: 36.00%), guanine (G: 13.75%), and cytosine (C: 11.66%). This in-depth phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial genes suggests that M. fleischeri shares a close evolutionary relationship with both Phallus indusiatus Vent 1798 and Phallus echinovolvatus (M. Zang, D.R. Zheng, and Z.X. Hu) Kreisel 1996.

Keywords: Mitochondrial genome; Phallales; new geographical record; phylogenetic relationships.

Figure 1.

M. fleischeri (HKAS 122335). (a, b) Fruiting bodies in natural habitat. (c) Collected site. Photos by Jianwei Liu.

Figure 2.

Circular map of the M. fleischeri mitochondrial genome. Genes are represented by different colored blocks. The arrows indicate the direction of transcription. Colored blocks outside each ring indicate that the genes are located on the reverse strand, while colored blocks within the ring indicate that the genes are on the direct strand. The grayscale bar graph in the inner circle shows the GC content of the mitochondrial sequence.

Figure 3.

The phylogenetic tree of 17 fungal species, including Agaricales, Boletales, Gomphales, Phallales, and Polyporales, which shows that the newly generated mitochondrial genome of M. fleischeri is in bold. The following sequences were used: A. borealis MH407470 (Kolesnikova et al. 2019), D. tabescens NC_042769 (Lee et al. 2019), M. perniciosa NC_005927 (Formighieri et al. 2008), T. flavovirens NC_046501 (Huang et al. 2021), A. basii NC_045195 (Li, He, et al. 2020), L. bicolor NC_042773 (Li, Yang, et al. 2020), P. cornucopiae NC_038091 (Xu et al. 2018), C. fumosa NC_065338, X. impolitus NC_056808, P. involutus NC_045203 (Li, Ren, et al. 2020), P. tinctorius NC_054202 (Wu et al. 2021), R. vinicolor NC_042689 (Guan et al. 2019), P. echinovolvatus NC_050042 (Chen et al. 2020), P. indusiate NC_050041 (Chen et al. 2020), T. floccosus NC_045218 (Cheng et al. 2021), and G. applanatum NC_027188 (Wang et al. 2016).