Interventions Integrating Mental Health Services Into HIV Care in Africa; a Scoping Review

Abstract

Objectives: This scoping review aims to synthesize existing evidence on mental health (MH) interventions for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Africa. Given the high prevalence of MH disorders in this population and barriers to care, integrating MH services within HIV care settings is explored as a potential strategy to improve patient outcomes.

Methods: Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across five databases to identify studies examining MH interventions for PLWHA in African settings. Studies meeting inclusion criteria were reviewed for intervention type, target population, and reported outcomes.

Results: Of 818 studies identified, 16 from six African countries met inclusion criteria, with Zimbabwe and South Africa leading in interventions. Most targeted depression, employing non-pharmacological approaches such as task-sharing and stepped-care models. Findings suggest integrated MH and HIV care improves MH symptoms and adherence to antiretroviral therapy.

Conclusion: Despite limited studies, evidence supports the feasibility and benefits of integrating MH services into HIV care in Africa. Scaling evidence-based interventions is essential to address unmet MH needs in this population.

Keywords: HIV; behavioral and psychosocial problems; global health education; health promotion intervention; mental health and psychosocial support.

FIGURE 1

Search Strategy and inclusion and exclusion of studies (Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda, Zimbabwe. 2024).

FIGURE 2

Map of Africa (Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda, Zimbabwe. 2024).