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Review
. 2025 Jul 22:S0030-6665(25)00089-1.
doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2025.06.005. Online ahead of print.

Mentorship and Coaching

Stacey L Ishman  1 , Carrie L Francis  2
Affiliations
Review

Mentorship and Coaching

Stacey L Ishman et al. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. .

Abstract

Mentorship and coaching are essential tools for career development in otolaryngology. Both are useful across all career stages with mentorship focused on guidance, sponsorship, and connection, while coaching is intended to foster self-reflection, goal setting, and behavior change through a collaborative partnership. Multiple models address leadership, wellness, and technical growth. Effective relationships rely on active listening, feedback, and psychological safety. Physicians maximize coaching by adopting a growth mindset, embracing discomfort, and taking ownership of their development. Together, mentoring and coaching empower physicians to align their careers with personal values, achieve professional goals, and lead with purpose.

Keywords: Career advancement; Coaching; Feedback; Growth mindset; Mentorship; Professional development; Psychological safety; Self-awareness.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure S.L. Ishman receives funding from Inspire Medical for consulting and coaching, is a member of the data safety membership board for the Nyxoah, and owns a coaching and consulting business (Medical Mentor Coaching). C.L. Francis owns a coaching and consulting business (CLF Consulting).

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