The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Targeting NF-[Formula: see text]B Ubiquitination Against Ischemic Stroke

Abstract

Ischemic Stroke (IS) is a severe neurological disease with high mortality rates worldwide, involving a complex cascade reaction in which the ubiquitination process of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-[Formula: see text]B) pathway has been proposed as a therapeutic target for IS on account of the fact that NF-[Formula: see text]B can be suppressed by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS). This review systematically discusses the epidemiology of IS, the NF-[Formula: see text]B signaling pathway, and the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects that TCM monomers and formulations exert by regulating the ubiquitination process of the NF-[Formula: see text]B signaling pathway. We initially offer an overview of the incidence and treatment of IS, following which the canonical pathway and non-canonical pathway of NF-[Formula: see text]B are introduced. Next, the ubiquitination mechanisms of NF-[Formula: see text]B when using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat IS were highlighted. We also discussed the involvement of MyD88, an upstream protein, in the herb-based treatment of IS. Finally, we proposed future research directions for screening advantageous herbal components. Given previous research, we anticipate that TCM drugs will present promising candidates for IS treatment in clinical medicine.

Keywords: Alkaloids; Ischemic Stroke; NF-[Formula: see text]B; Saponins; Traditional Chinese Medicine; Ubiquitination.