Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Animal dsRNA and ssRNA(-) Viruses Subcommittee, 2025

Holly R Hughes¹, Matthew J Ballinger², Yiming Bao³, Nicolas Bejerman⁴, Kim R Blasdell⁵, Thomas Briese⁶, Julia Brignone⁷, Jean Paul Carrera⁸, Lander De Coninck⁹, William Marciel de Souza¹⁰, Humberto Debat¹¹, Ralf G Dietzgen¹², Ralf Dürrwald¹³, Mert Erdin¹⁴, Anthony R Fooks¹⁵, Kristian M Forbes¹⁶, Juliana Freitas-Astúa¹⁷, Jorge B Garcia⁷, Jemma L Geoghegan¹⁸, Rebecca M Grimwood¹⁸, Masayuki Horie^{19

20}, Timothy H Hyndman²¹, Reimar Johne²², John D Klena²³, Hideki Kondo²⁴, Eugene V Koonin²⁵, Alexei Y Kostygov²⁶, Mart Krupovic²⁷, Jens H Kuhn²⁸, Michael Letko²⁹, Jun-Min Li³⁰, Yiyun Liu³, Maria Laura Martin⁷, Nathaniel Mull³¹, Yael Nazar⁷, Norbert Nowotny^{32

33}, Márcio Roberto Teixeira Nunes³⁴, Arnfinn Lodden Økland³⁵, Dennis Rubbenstroth³⁶, Brandy J Russell¹, Eric Schott³⁷, Stephanie Seifert²⁹, Carina Sen⁷, Elizabeth Shedroff²³, Tarja Sironen¹⁴, Teemu Smura¹⁴, Camila Prestes Dos Santos Tavares³⁸, Robert B Tesh³⁹, Natasha L Tilston⁴⁰, Noël Tordo⁴¹, Nikos Vasilakis³⁹, Peter J Walker⁴², Fei Wang⁴³, Anna E Whitfield⁴⁴, Shannon L M Whitmer²³, Yuri I Wolf²⁵, Han Xia⁴³, Gong-Yin Ye⁴⁵, Zhuangxin Ye³⁰, Vyacheslav Yurchenko²⁶, Mingli Zhao⁴⁶, Ictv Taxonomy Summary Consortium; ICTV Taxonomy Summary Consortium

Collaborators, Affiliations

Collaborators

ICTV Taxonomy Summary Consortium:
E M Adriaenssens, P Alfenas-Zerbini, F O Aylward, R C Hendrickson, E J Lefkowitz, M Łobocka, R Mayne, A R Mushegian, H M Oksanen, J Penzes, A Reyes Muñoz, D L Robertson, S Roux, L Rubino, S Sabanadzovic, P Simmonds, D B Smith, N Suzuki, D Turner, K Van Doorslaer, A Varsani, F M Zerbini

Affiliations

¹ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, USA.
² Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, USA.
³ National Genomics Data Center, China National Center for Bioinformation; Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
⁴ Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
⁵ CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia.
⁶ Center for Infection and Immunity, and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA.
⁷ Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas Dr. Julio I. Maiztegui. INEVH -ANLIS, Monteagudo 2510, Pergamino 2700, Argentina.
⁸ Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama.
⁹ Division of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁰ Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
¹¹ Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
¹² QAAFI, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
¹³ Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, Germany.
¹⁴ Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
¹⁵ Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Surrey, UK.
¹⁶ Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA.
¹⁷ Embrapa Cassava and Fruits, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil.
¹⁸ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
¹⁹ Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan.
²⁰ Osaka International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan.
²¹ School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
²² German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany.
²³ Viral Special Pathogens Branch, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
²⁴ Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan.
²⁵ Computational Biology Branch, Division of Intramural Research National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
²⁶ University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia.
²⁷ Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Archaeal Virology Unit, Paris, France.
²⁸ Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA.
²⁹ Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, USA.
³⁰ Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China.
³¹ Department of Natural Sciences, Shawnee State University, Portsmouth, USA.
³² Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
³³ College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Health, Dubai, UAE.
³⁴ Universidade Federal do Pará, Bélem, Brazil.
³⁵ Pharmaq Analytiq, Bergen, Norway.
³⁶ Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald - Riems, Germany.
³⁷ Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
³⁸ Integrated Group of Aquaculture and Environmental Studies, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
³⁹ Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
⁴⁰ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
⁴¹ Institut Pasteur, Conakry, Guinée.
⁴² University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
⁴³ Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
⁴⁴ North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
⁴⁵ Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
⁴⁶ Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK.

PMID: 40711815
PMCID: PMC12451637
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002112

Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Animal dsRNA and ssRNA(-) Viruses Subcommittee, 2025

Holly R Hughes et al. J Gen Virol. 2025 Jul.

. 2025 Jul;106(7):002112.

doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.002112.

Authors

Collaborators

ICTV Taxonomy Summary Consortium:
E M Adriaenssens, P Alfenas-Zerbini, F O Aylward, R C Hendrickson, E J Lefkowitz, M Łobocka, R Mayne, A R Mushegian, H M Oksanen, J Penzes, A Reyes Muñoz, D L Robertson, S Roux, L Rubino, S Sabanadzovic, P Simmonds, D B Smith, N Suzuki, D Turner, K Van Doorslaer, A Varsani, F M Zerbini

Affiliations

¹ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, USA.
² Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, USA.
³ National Genomics Data Center, China National Center for Bioinformation; Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
⁴ Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
⁵ CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia.
⁶ Center for Infection and Immunity, and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA.
⁷ Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas Dr. Julio I. Maiztegui. INEVH -ANLIS, Monteagudo 2510, Pergamino 2700, Argentina.
⁸ Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama.
⁹ Division of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁰ Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
¹¹ Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
¹² QAAFI, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
¹³ Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, Germany.
¹⁴ Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
¹⁵ Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Surrey, UK.
¹⁶ Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA.
¹⁷ Embrapa Cassava and Fruits, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil.
¹⁸ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
¹⁹ Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan.
²⁰ Osaka International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan.
²¹ School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
²² German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany.
²³ Viral Special Pathogens Branch, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
²⁴ Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan.
²⁵ Computational Biology Branch, Division of Intramural Research National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
²⁶ University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia.
²⁷ Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Archaeal Virology Unit, Paris, France.
²⁸ Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA.
²⁹ Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, USA.
³⁰ Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China.
³¹ Department of Natural Sciences, Shawnee State University, Portsmouth, USA.
³² Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
³³ College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Health, Dubai, UAE.
³⁴ Universidade Federal do Pará, Bélem, Brazil.
³⁵ Pharmaq Analytiq, Bergen, Norway.
³⁶ Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald - Riems, Germany.
³⁷ Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
³⁸ Integrated Group of Aquaculture and Environmental Studies, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
³⁹ Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
⁴⁰ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
⁴¹ Institut Pasteur, Conakry, Guinée.
⁴² University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
⁴³ Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
⁴⁴ North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
⁴⁵ Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
⁴⁶ Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK.

PMID: 40711815
PMCID: PMC12451637
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002112

Abstract

RNA viruses are ubiquitous in the environment and are important pathogens of humans, animals and plants. In 2024, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Animal dsRNA and ssRNA(-) Viruses Subcommittee submitted 18 taxonomic proposals for consideration. These proposals expanded the known virosphere by classifying 9 new genera and 88 species for newly detected virus genomes. Of note, newly established species expand the large family of Rhabdoviridae to 580 species. A new species in the family Arenaviridae includes a virus detected in Antarctic fish with a unique split nucleoprotein ORF. Additionally, four new species were established for historically isolated viruses with previously unsequenced genomes. Furthermore, three species were abolished due to incomplete genome sequence information, and one family was moved from being unassigned in the phylum Negarnaviricota into a subphylum and order. Herein, we summarize the 18 ratified taxonomic proposals and the general features of the current taxonomy, thereby supporting public and animal health responses.

Keywords: Alphahymrhavirus ectemnius; Alphahymrhavirus electrico; Alphanemrhavirus wufeng; Alphapaprhavirus gata; Alphapaprhavirus orgi; Alphaplatrhavirus; Alphaplatrhavirus acutispina; Alphaplatrhavirus chodsigoa; Alphaplatrhavirus dendriticum; Alphaplatrhavirus hubei; Alphaplatrhavirus jingmen; Alphaplatrhavirus langier; Alphaplatrhavirus larvatus; Alphaplatrhavirus microphallus; Alphaplatrhavirus nodulosis; Alphaplatrhavirus orientalis; Alphaplatrhavirus pseudoglobulus; Alphaplatrhavirus ricketti; Alphaplatrhavirus smithii; Alphaplatrhavirus solidus; Alphaplatrhavirus turkestanicum; Alphaplatrhavirus vulpes; Alphaplatrhavirus wenzhou; Alphaplatrhavirus wufeng; Alpharicinrhavirus heilongjiang; Alphathriprhavirus; Antennavirus trematomi; Artemvirus; Artemvirus bsaeighalis; Artemvirus bsafalis; Artemvirus bsafialis; Artemvirus bsafivalis; Artemvirus bsasecalis; Artemvirus bsasialis; Artemvirus bsathalis; Betaplatrhavirus; Betaplatrhavirus abramus; Betaplatrhavirus armiger; Betaplatrhavirus beihai; Betaplatrhavirus fujian; Betaplatrhavirus fuscus; Betaplatrhavirus himastelon; Betaplatrhavirus nodulosis; Betaplatrhavirus pseudoglobulus; Betaplatrhavirus psilotrema; Betaplatrhavirus simillimum; Betaplatrhavirus sphaeroidotrema; Betaplatrhavirus wenling; Betathriprhavirus; Betathriprhavirus midwest; Betathriprhavirus variabilis; Canmovirus; Canmovirus mahaense; Cardoreovirus callinectes; Coroavirus; Coroavirus germense; Crabreovirus; Crabreovirus callinectes; Crabreovirus eriocheiris; Crabreovirus scylla; Cultervirus harpadoni; Cultervirus poeciliae; Dianlovirus dehongense; Feravirus hemipterus; Gammaplatrhavirus; Gammaplatrhavirus beihai; Gammaplatrhavirus dendriticum; Gammaplatrhavirus jilin; Gammaplatrhavirus orientalis; Gammaplatrhavirus sinensis; Gammaplatrhavirus wenzhou; Hexartovirus artemiae; Hexartovirus caligi; Jonvirus mikadosis; Jonvirus spilikinsis; Mammarenavirus vello; Merhavirus cambodia; Merhavirus subalbatus; Negarnaviricota; Orthobornavirus iridiscincum; Orthobunyavirus indianense; Orthobunyavirus lichuanense; Orthobunyavirus taiense; Orthobunyavirus taniyamense; Orthohantavirus ozarkense; Orthohantavirus sagercreekense; Orthophasmavirus barstukasense; Orthophasmavirus barstukorius; Orthophasmavirus coleopterus; Orthophasmavirus flenense; Orthophasmavirus miglotalis; Orthophasmavirus miglotasense; Orthophasmavirus obscurae; Orthophasmavirus stecellulae; Peropuvirus pteropi; Peropuvirus wufengense; Platrhavirus; Platrhavirus microphallus; Platrhavirus nodulosis; Platrhavirus orientalis; Platrhavirus pseudoglobulus; Platrhavirus turkestanicum; Platrhavirus vulpes; Polyploviricotina; Primrhavirus yunnan; Robevirus; Robevirus hanzense; Rotavirus kappaenteritidis; Rotavirus lambdaenteritidis; Shilevirus alphablechomonadis; Shilevirus alphamoraviense; Shilevirus betablechomonadis; Shilevirus betamoraviense; Shilevirus crithidiaebombi; Shilevirus gammablechomonadis; Shilevirus martiniquense; Shilevirus moramangoense; Shilevirus otongatchiense; Shilevirus puertonapoense; Sigmavirus dorsalis; Sigmavirus hangzhou; Stangrhavirus yunnan; Thriprhavirus; Tupavirus wufeng; Weflthvirus; Weflthvirus itaense.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

References

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Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Animal dsRNA and ssRNA(-) Viruses Subcommittee, 2025

Collaborators

Affiliations

Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Animal dsRNA and ssRNA(-) Viruses Subcommittee, 2025

Authors

Collaborators

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

References

MeSH terms

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources