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Editorial
. 2025 Jul-Aug;20(4):331-335.
doi: 10.1177/15569845251358225. Epub 2025 Jul 27.

The 7 Pillars of Pain Management for Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery

Alexander J Gregory  1   2 , Christopher D Noss  1   2 , William D T Kent  2 , Corey Adams  2 , Rakesh C Arora  3 , Rawn Sallenger  4   5
Affiliations
Editorial

The 7 Pillars of Pain Management for Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery

Alexander J Gregory et al. Innovations (Phila). 2025 Jul-Aug.
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: W.D.T.K. has received consulting fees from Edwards Lifesciences, Artivion, Corcym, and Medtronic. C.A. has received consulting fees from Edwards Lifesciences, Corcym, and Medtronic. R.C.A. has received honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences, HLS Therapeutics, Inc, and Bioporto as well as serves on a study advisory board for Renibus Therapeutics, Inc for work unrelated to this manuscript. R.S. reports a relationship with Artivion that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees, with Terumo Cardiovascular that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees, with Zimmer Biomet that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees, with Encare that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees, with La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees, with Arthrex that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees, and with AtriCure that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. A.J.G. and C.D.N. have no disclosures for conflicts of interest.

References

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    1. El-Andari R, Watkins AR, Fialka NM, et al. Minimally invasive approaches to mitral valve surgery: where are we now? A narrative review. C J Cardiol 2024; 40: 1679–1689. - PubMed
    1. Gregory AJ, Kent WDT, Adams C, et al. Closing the care gap: combining enhanced recovery with minimally invasive valve surgery. Curr Opin Cardiol 2024; 39: 380–387. - PubMed
    1. Gregory AJ, Noss CD, Chun R, et al. Perioperative optimization of the cardiac surgical patient. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39: 497–514. - PubMed

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