[Glomerulonephritis secondary to ventriculo-atrial shunts]

Abstract

The authors report the case of a 45 year old man who had undergone a ventriculo-atrial CSF shunt procedure 5 years previously for normal pressure hydrocephalus and who had several unexplained episodes of infection over a 12 months period and has now developed a mixed nephrotic syndrome associated with a septicaemia. Corynebacterium commensale and Staphylococcus epidermis were isolated from the valve culture. Ablation of the valve resulted in clinical cure with minimal functional renal sequellae. The initial renal biopsy showed type I proliferative glomerulonephritis with subendothelial deposits of complement and immunoglobulins, which did not completely regress after 3 months' evolution. The serum complement fractions suggested activation of the alternate pathway and the possible pathogenic role of circulating immune complexes.