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Review
. 2025 Jul 27;17(7):107610.
doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i7.107610.

Genetically engineered mouse models in gastric precancerous lesions research

Yi Quan  1 , Yue-Bo Jia  1 , Chen-Heng Wu  1 , Qing-Ling Jia  1 , Yong-Qi Chen  2 , Zhi-Jian Gu  1 , Jiang-Hong Ling  3
Affiliations
Review

Genetically engineered mouse models in gastric precancerous lesions research

Yi Quan et al. World J Gastrointest Surg. .

Abstract

Precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) are crucial for the progression to gastric cancer, and early intervention in PLGC is pivotal in preventing its development into gastric cancer. In order to illustrate the molecular mechanisms underlying PLGC and the roles of associated genes within these lesions, genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) have been developed. We systematically summarize the current GEMMs, and highlight the principal pathological mechanisms involved, including gastrin/gastric acid balance, inflammatory factors, the interplay between cancer-promoting and cancer-suppressing genes, and apoptotic pathways. We further discuss the mechanisms involved in the existing GEMMs of PLGC.

Keywords: Atrophic gastritis; Dysplasia; Genetically engineered mice; Intestinal metaplasia; Pathogenesis; Precancerous lesions of gastric cancer.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Working principle of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9. The figures were created using the Figdraw platform. Non-homologous end joining: It directly ligates the broken DNA ends together, often resulting in small insertions or deletions. Homology-directed repair: Provide template DNA containing the sequence to be inserted to achieve gene knock-in, tagging or mutation correction. HDR: Homology-directed repair; NHEJ: Non-homologous end joining; sgDNA: Single-guide DNA; cas: Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein; DSBs: DNA double-strand breaks.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Working principle of cyclization recombinase/locus of X-over P1 system. The figures were created using the Figdraw platform. Cyclization recombinase recombinase cuts the DNA at the locus of X-over P1 sites and then recombines the remaining DNA, ultimately resulting in the deletion of the target gene between the locus of X-over P1 sites. LoxP: Locus of X-over P1; Cre: Cyclization recombinase.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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