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. 2026 Feb 25;82(2):262-264.
doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaf422.

Consequences of Stopping Antiretroviral Treatment in a Persistently Seronegative Individual with HIV-1

Marc Wirden  1   2 , Amelie Guihot  3   4 , Agnes Gautheret-Dejean  2 , Delphine Sterlin  3   4 , Antoine Fayçal  1   5 , Theophile Cocherie  1   2 , Vincent Calvez  1   2 , Anne-Genevieve Marcelin  1   2 , Roland Tubiana  1   5
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Consequences of Stopping Antiretroviral Treatment in a Persistently Seronegative Individual with HIV-1

Marc Wirden et al. Clin Infect Dis. .

Abstract

This case of HIV-1-seronegative infection due to very early treatment demonstrates that even in the absence of sufficient HIV replication to generate detectable immunity, a competent reservoir can accumulate, allowing replication to resume despite 20 months of effective treatment and the disappearance of molecular evidence of infection.

Keywords: HIV; acute infection; diagnostics; seronegative; treatment interruption.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential conflicts of interest. The authors: No reported conflicts of interest that are related to the content of this manuscript. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest.

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