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Review
. 2025 Jul 18:16:1604271.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1604271. eCollection 2025.

Research progress of SOCS in autoimmune diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Rongqi Cui  1 , Jing Zhang  2
Affiliations
Review

Research progress of SOCS in autoimmune diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Rongqi Cui et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) is a family of regulatory factors whose expression can be induced by various cytokines, growth factors, and hormones. Autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions caused by abnormal immune responses, involve overactive T-cells and B-cells, excessive autoantibody production, and damage to multiple organs and systems. The pathogenic mechanisms of autoimmune diseases are complex, and SOCS proteins, particularly SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS5, regulate cytokine receptor signaling through distinct mechanisms, thereby participating in the development and progression of autoimmune diseases. This positions SOCS proteins as potential therapeutic targets for modulating dysregulated immune responses in autoimmune diseases.

Keywords: JAK-STAT; SOCS; autoimmune diseases; cytokines; immunity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Structure of SOCS domain.
Figure 2
Figure 2
STAT-induced SOCS family proteins’ regulation of signal transduction.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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