Rare Association of Ureteral Atresia in a Horseshoe Kidney: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Abstract

Ureteral atresia is a rare congenital anomaly of the ureter often associated with renal dysplasia. We report a case showing the rare occurrence of ureteral atresia and horseshoe kidney in a 1-year-old male, presenting with a flank mass. The report aims to contribute to the existing literature on pediatric renal anomalies by detailing the diagnostic process, surgical intervention, and subsequent outcomes in the context of this complex presentation.

Keywords: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract; horseshoe kidney; hydronephrosis; ureteral atresia.

Figure 1

(a and b) – Computed tomography-Urogram-suggestive of horseshoe kidney with Isthmus (Black star) with left hydronephrosis with thinning of parenchyma (white star). (c) Intraoperative: Dilated Pelvis (yellow arrow), proximal ureter (blue), atretic segment (arrow head)

Figure 2

(a) Histopathology of kidney showing renal parenchyma with loss of corticomedullary differentiation, glomerulosclerosis (i), cast in thee tubules/thyroidization (ii), chronic inflammatory infiltration in the interstitium (iv) along with thick walled blood vessels (iii). (b) Histopathology section of ureter showing myohyperplasia (i), fibrosis (ii) and splaying of muscle fibers by fibrosis (iii)